BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Perioperative myocardial ischemia is commonly observed, and it can increase significantly postoperative morbidity and mortality. The cardioprotective properties of volatile anesthetics and opioids have been studied during several decades and currently constitute powerful tools in the management of patients with ischemic coronariopathy. The objective of this review was ...

OBJECTIVE Microdialysis and 31P-NMR spectroscopy were used to test opposing hypotheses that ischemic preconditioning inhibits adenine nucleotide degradation and purine efflux, or that preconditioning activates cardiovascular adenosine formation to provide enhanced cardioprotection. METHODS 31P-NMR spectra and matching interstitial fluid (ISF) or venous effluent samples were obtained from Lang...

BACKGROUND We have previously reported that ischemic preconditioning increases 5'-nucleotidase activity and adenosine release during ischemia and reperfusion. However, its direct cause-and-effect relation has not been proven. To test the idea that the infarct size-limiting effect of ischemic preconditioning is blunted by inhibition of ectosolic 5'-nucleotidase activity, we assessed 5'-nucleotid...

In the present study, the effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract on ischemic preconditioning and ischemia-reperfusion induced cardiac injury has been studied. Hearts from adult albino rats of Wistar strain were isolated and immediately mounted on Langendorff's apparatus for retrograde perfusion. After 15 minutes of stabilization, the hearts were subjected to four episodes of 5 min ischemia, ...

INTRODUCTION Cold storage of organs for preservation and transplantation is reaching its limits especially with extended criteria for heart beating donors and donation after cardiac death. We will discuss recent findings and perspectives in normothermic kidney preservation. METHODS A literature review was performed from original articles and syntheses selected by the search engine PubMed. Key...

Despite nearly twenty years of research into the field of ischemic preconditioning, the actual mechanism of protection remains unclear. However, much progress has been made in elucidating the signal transduction pathways that convey the extracellular signal initiated by the preconditioning stimulus to the intracellular targets of cardioprotection, with many of these pathways involving the activ...

OBJECTIVES Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion often leads to acute lung injury and multiple organ failure. Ischemic preconditioning is protective in nature and reduces tissue injuries in animal and human models. Although hematimetric parameters are widely used as diagnostic tools, there is no report of the influence of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion and ischemic preconditioning on such parameters...

The aims of this study were to determine whether 1) like ischemic preconditioning, transient exposure to norepinephrine before ischemia exacerbates contracture during ischemia and 2) protection afforded by norepinephrine is stereospecific (receptor mediated). Isolated perfused rat hearts were randomized into five groups ( n = 6/group): 1) ischemic preconditioning (3 min of ischemia + 3 min of r...

BACKGROUND Ischemic preconditioning is a powerful mechanism of myocardial protection and in humans it can be evaluated by sequential exercise tests. Coronary Artery Disease in the presence of diabetes mellitus may be associated with worse outcomes. In addition, some studies have shown that diabetes interferes negatively with the development of ischemic preconditioning. However, it is still unkn...

Ischemic preconditioning provides a powerful means to reduce myocardial infarct size in vivo and has been proposed to limit the extent of myocardial infarction in patients. In contrast, hyperglycemia correlates with increases in mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Thus we hypothesized that acute hyperglycemia alters the protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning, and this hypothes...