The high-arctic Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea) has recently undergone a sharp decline in numbers, and in Canada it is listed as "Endangered" under the Species-At-Risk Act. To test for circumpolar genetic distinctiveness, we examined 264 bp of the mtDNA Control Region Domain I from 127 museum specimens collected during the breeding season from northern Canada, Greenland, and Norway, and during t...

The asymmetric unit of the title triangulo-triruthenium compound, 2[Ru(3)(C(25)H(22)As(2))(C(21)H(21)AsO(3))(CO)(9)]·CH(2)Cl(2), contains one triangulo-triruthenium complex mol-ecule and one half of the dichloro-methane solvent. The dichloro-methane solvent lies across a crystallographic inversion center leading to the mol-ecule being disordered over two positions of equal occupancy. The bis-(d...

The large and continuous increase in India's urban population and the concomitant growth of the population residing in slums has resulted in overstraining of infrastructure and deterioration in public health. The link between urbanization, a degraded environment, inaccessibility to healthcare and a deteriorating quality of life is significant and particularly evident in the sharp inequities in ...

Contrary to the view that embryos and larvae are the most fragile stages of life, development is stable under real-world conditions. Early cleavage embryos are prepared for environmental vagaries by having high levels of cellular defenses already present in the egg before fertilization. Later in development, adaptive responses to the environment either buffer stress or produce alternative devel...

The world has lost one of its great scientists and the University of California its most influential educator with the death of Daniel E. Koshland, Jr. on Monday, July 23, 2007. Dan’s career spanned 60 years of creative biochemical research, and he was actively planning his next experiments on the Friday before his sudden death. Those of us fortunate enough to have experienced Dan’s extraordina...

The asymmetric unit of the title triangulo-triruthenium compound, 2[Ru(3)(C(25)H(22)As(2))(C(21)H(21)AsS(3))(CO)(9)]·CH(2)Cl(2), consists of one triangulo-triruthenium complex mol-ecule and one half of a dichloro-methane mol-ecule which lies across a crystallographic inversion center, leading to the disorder of this mol-ecule over two positions of equal occupancy. The bis-(diphenyl-arsino)metha...

The asymmetric unit of the title triangulo-triruthenium compound, 2[Ru(3)(C(25)H(22)As(2))(C(18)H(12)Cl(3)P)(CO)(9)]·CHCl(3), consists of two mol-ecules (A and B) of the triangulo-triruthenium complex and one mol-ecule of chloro-form solvent. The bis-(diphenyl-arsino)methane ligand bridges an Ru-Ru bond and the monodentate phosphine ligand bonds to the third Ru atom. Both the phosphine and arsi...

In this paper we study the notion of group knowledge in a modal epistemic context. Starting with the standard de nition of this kind of knowledge on Kripke models, we show that this de nition gives rise to some quite counter-intuitive behaviour. Firstly, using a strong notion of derivability, we show that group knowledge in a state can always, but trivially be derived from each of the agents' i...