BACKGROUND Low-income apartment communities in the United States are suffering from disproportionally high bed bug, Cimex lectularius L., infestations owing to lack of effective monitoring and treatment. Studies examining the effectiveness of integrated pest management (IPM) for the control of bed bugs in affordable housing have been limited to small subsets of bed-bug-infested apartments, rath...

Soybean aphid, Aphis glycinesMatsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most damaging pests of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, in the midwestern United States and Canada. We compared three soybean aphid management techniques in three midwestern states (Iowa, Michigan, and Minnesota) for a 3-yr period (2005Ð2007). Management techniques included an untreated control, an insecticidal seed ...

Clavulanic acid (CLA) exhibits low MICs against some Acinetobacter baumannii strains. The present study evaluates the efficacy of CLA in a murine model of A. baumannii pneumonia. For this purpose, two clinical strains, Ab11 and Ab51, were used; CLA MICs for these strains were 2 and 4 mg/liter, respectively, and the imipenem (IPM) MIC was 0.5 mg/liter for both. A pneumonia model in C57BL/6 mice ...

Gram-negative bacilli with acquired metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) production have been increasingly reported in some countries, necessitating their detection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Hodge test and those of the imipenem (IPM)-EDTA, ceftazidime (CAZ)-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), and CAZ-sodium mercaptoacetic acid (SMA) double-disk synergy tests (DDSTs). The e...

BACKGROUND Senegal's government has pledged to reduce contraceptive stockouts, which have been frequent in public sector health facilities. An innovative distribution system called the Informed Push Model (IPM) addresses supply chain obstacles through direct regional-to-facility delivery of contraceptives and use of private sector logistics operators. Following promising pilot results, Senegal'...

PURPOSE Recently it has been shown that the transport as well as clearance of retinol from isolated rod photoreceptors requires an extracellular factor. Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) is a component of the interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM) and is known to bind visual cycle retinoids. Serum albumin and serum retinol-binding protein (sRBP), proteins capable of binding retinoids,...

Metallo beta lactamases (MBL) are enzymes that have wide spread of activity and they confer a high level of resistance to all b-lactams including carbapenem, except aztreonam [1]. MBLs require divalent zinc ion for their enzymatic activity which is not diminished by serine b lactamase inhibitors like salbactam, tazobactam, clavulinic acid etc but is inhibited by metal chelators like EDTA and th...

This paper presents an Interior Pont Method (IPM) and variant of Particle Swarm Optimization (CFAPSO) based hybrid method to solve optimal power flow in power system incorporating Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) such as Thyristor Controlled Phase Shifter (TCPS) for minimization of multiple objectives. The proposed IPM-CFAPSO algorithm identifies the optimal values of generator active-p...

In this paper, we present a class of interactional programming model (IPM) for the coexistence of competitions and cooperations problems, which can be regarded as decision making problems, such as supply chains. We introduce the optimal solution to the IPM, which is ideal and often does not exist. Therefore, we give a new concept of s-optimal solution, which always exists under some conditions....

The Intelligent Payload Experiment (IPEX) is a cubesat that successfully launched in December 2013 and is currently flight validating autonomous operations for onboard instrument processing and product generation for the Intelligent Payload Module (IPM) of the Hyperspectral Infra-red Imager (HyspIRI) mission concept. We first describe the ground and flight operations concept for HyspIRI IPM ope...