BACKGROUND Since the patient's skin is a major source of pathogens that cause surgical-site infection, optimization of preoperative skin antisepsis may decrease postoperative infections. We hypothesized that preoperative skin cleansing with chlorhexidine-alcohol is more protective against infection than is povidone-iodine. METHODS We randomly assigned adults undergoing clean-contaminated surg...

The clean and facile electrochemical synthesis of hypervalent iodine reagents is a fast growing field. In the past 5 years, diverse number reaction types have been established, from fluorinations, oxidative cyclizations, C−N C−H couplings oxidations. Electrochemistry beneficial in terms sustainability as requirement for chemical oxidants eliminated. This contributes to cleaner processes with li...

Two aspects of handwashing in hospital were considered. A study was carried out to examine the contamination of bar soap and containers, and the use of antiseptic soaps in reducing the resident flora of the skin. Swabs were collected from soap dishes on six wards and from a bacteriology laboratory on four consecutive days. The unmedicated bar soap was replaced by bar soap containing 2.5% povido...

Immunotherapy and targeted therapy are alternative treatments to differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), which is usually treated with surgery radioactive iodine. However, in advanced carcinomas, molecular alterations can cause a progressive loss of iodine sensitivity, thereby making resistant iodine-refractory (RAIR). In the treatment cancer, tyrosine kinase inhibitors administered prevent growth...

entiated tumors. The first-generation transplantable tumors are usually differentiated, functional, and thyrotropin dependent. The tumors of later generations are often poorly differentiated, nonfunctional, and thyrotropin independent. Williams and Doniach (15) observed growth of thyroid autotransplants in hypophysectomized rats and in rats with thyrotropin secretion suppressed by administratio...

Papua New Guinea (PNG) is among those areas of the world where soils lack iodine. Iodine deficiency leads to a number of disorders including goitre and cretinism. The PNG government has chosen to promote the consumption of adequately iodised salt as one of its intervention programmes to eradicate the iodine deficiency disorders. A study was undertaken to assess the iodine content of salt in the...

conclusions the present study showed that the iodine concentration is not decreased during the heating process in sterilization, indicating that supplemented sterilized milk could be a good alternative vehicle for dietary iodine in the prevention of iodine deficiency. results the inclusion of ki in the diet of the dairy cows in these 2 separate experiments increased their milk iodine levels. pa...

BACKGROUND Although several reports concerning the association of iodine excess and thyroid disease have appeared, no systematic review of the association between iodine excess intake and thyroid diseases, especially hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, has yet been reported. METHOD We conducted a systematic search of Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databas...

The use of thyroid-depressant agents in the control of hyperthyroidism has raised questions concerning their relationship to other goitrogens and their mode of action. Other problems have been encountered as well, particularly with respect to toxic reactions, the effect of preliminary iodine administraton, and the control of the hypothyroid state which may result. The information available on t...