today, the effective inventory management plays an important role in the success of the organizations in the new business environment. it is not clearly possible for the organizations that store hundreds of inventory items to economically design an inventory management policy for each inventory item separately. moreover, various inventory items may play quite different roles in the business of ...

This paper examines the cost-reduction effect of “postponed” routing decisions in a two-echelon supply chain. When a delivery vehicle leaves the warehouse with system replenishment quantities, it sequentially makes routing decisions to choose the next retailer to visit. To measure this effect this paper studies combined vehicle routing and inventoryallocation policies designed to minimize total...

The traditional economic production quantity (EPQ) model assumes that the production products are all perfect. It is not always true in the real production system, due to imperfect production process or other factors, imperfect quality items may be produced. Furthermore, it is well-known that the total production-inventory costs can be reduced by reworking the imperfect quality items produced w...

In the business world, it is generally observed that supplier gives cash discount due to advance payment. The buyer may either pay off total purchase cost or a fraction of before receiving products. If makes full payment then he receives instantly. pays cost, (s)he while paying remaining amount at time lot. Moreover, in most inventory models, assumed delivered lot contains only perfect items. B...

In this paper, we develop integrated inventory inspection models with and without replacement of nonconforming items. Inspection policies include no inspection, sampling inspection, and 100% inspection. We consider a buyer who places an order from a supplier. When a lot is received, the buyer uses some type of inspection policy. The fraction nonconforming is assumed to be a random variable foll...

In practice, manufacturing systems are never perfect and may have low quality outputs. Therefore, different decisions such as reprocessing, sale at lower prices or diminishing are made according to industry and market. This paper investigates the importance of supply chain coordination through developing two models in centralized decision-making for an imperfect quality manufacturing system wit...