Transmission of rotavirus infection was studied in a birth cohort of children based in an urban slum in Vellore and their familial contacts. Contemporaneous samples from index patients and their familial contacts were collected for analysis in three different settings. Firstly, samples were collected from familial contacts during a period of rotavirus infection in children from the cohort. Seco...

The link between Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV or human herpesvirus 8) and Kaposi's sarcoma has been proven, but the transmission routes, especially in the heterosexual population, are not yet completely understood. To assess the intrafamilial patterns of transmission among first-degree relatives of Italian classic Kaposi's sarcoma (cKS) patients, KSHV seroprevalence and the pre...

The optimal genetic regions for the phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission continue to be a matter of debate, with different investigators preferring different regions. However, full-length HBV sequence analysis is the gold standard for the purpose. But in developing countries, such as ours, where HBV infections are endemic, the added cost of full-length sequencing become...

Multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) has been proposed as a means of strain typing for tracking the transmission of leprosy. However, empirical data for a defined population are lacking. To this end, a study was initiated to assess the diversity and distribution of prevalent Mycobacterium leprae strains in Qiubei County, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China...

BACKGROUND Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined sociodemographic, behavioral, and biological factors associated with HHV-8 infection in children and adults to determine HHV-8 seroprevalence and potential routes of transmission. METHODS Participants were 1383 children and 1477 adults from a population-based sample in a rural community in Uganda. S...

AIM Our aim was to survey the rate and risk factors for Hepatitis C virus interfamilial transmission among families with one index case. BACKGROUND The role of intrafamilial transmission in Hepatitis C virus epidemiology is still debated. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 34 families (236 members) of HCV infected patients from Fars province, spring to summer 2013...

The sense of connectedness with family and school is an element associated the psychosocial development in adolescents, being a factor that can influence way they respond against adversity adjust to change. This study aimed establish predictive value intrafamilial relationships school, teachers, between students on resilience Mexican high adolescents. sample consisted 645 (50.7% female), age ra...

The aim of this study was to determine which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes were circulating in Australia and to correlate the subtypes with risk factors associated with the acquisition of HIV-1 infection. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and HIV-1 env genes were amplified and subtyped using heteroduplex mobility analysis, with selected samples se...

Helicobacter pylori is a causative pathogen of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. Humans are known to be a natural host for H. pylori and tend to acquire the pathogen before the age of 5 years. The infection may then persist lifelong if eradication therapy is not applied. One of the modes of transmission of H. pylori is between family members, and therefore, the prese...