OBJECTIVES To ascertain if the use of a structured pain assessment tool and nurse initiated oral analgesia protocols improve uptake and time to analgesia for children presenting to the emergency department with minor or moderate musculoskeletal injuries. METHODS Three groups of children with peripheral limb injuries were examined to identify the rates of analgesia provision and time from atte...

The authors performed a meta-analysis and found that epidural analgesia overall provided superior postoperative analgesia compared with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia. For all types of surgery and pain assessments, all forms of epidural analgesia (both continuous epidural infusion and patient-controlled epidural analgesia) provided significantly superior postoperative analgesia compar...

background and purpose: this study was designed in order to compare the effects of spinal and epidural analgesia on labour and also several maternal and fetal factors in vaginal delivery. materials and methods: the study was a randomized clinical trail and participatnts were 120 gravid 1 and gravid 2 women in the active phase of delivery, admitted to the labour room of fatemieh hospital in hame...

BACKGROUND Patients with pain caused by cancer frequently experience visceral pain. In addition to oral pharmacologic therapy to manage pain, neurolytic blocks of the sympathetic axis are also effective in controlling visceral cancer pain. METHODS Four types of neurolytic blocks (interpleural phenol, celiac plexus, superior hypogastric plexus, and ganglion impar) used in the treatment of visc...

  Purpose: Patients may control postoperative pain by self-administration of intravenous opioids   using devices designed for this purpose (patient controlled analgesia or PCA). This study set out   to determine whether any of the two opioid administrations (i.e. PCA or conventional analgesia)   would provide superior pain relief among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy   or not. ...

  Purpose: Patients may control postoperative pain by self-administration of intravenous opioids   using devices designed for this purpose (patient controlled analgesia or PCA). This study set out   to determine whether any of the two opioid administrations (i.e. PCA or conventional analgesia)   would provide superior pain relief among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy   or not. ...

We report a case of potentially fatal cervical necrotizing fasciitis and descending necrotizing mediastinitis due to deep neck infection in a 66-year-old male patient with no history or evidence of immunocompromising disorders. On admission, he had painful neck movements and the skin over his neck was red, hot and tender. A computerized tomography (CT) scan of his neck and chest showed evidence...

conclusions the addition of s (+)-ketamine or clonidine to levobupivacaine 0.25% in caudal analgesia for hypospadias repair appears to be of no benefit. however, use of the additives in combination increased postoperative sedation. results the 87 patients included had a mean ± sd age of 21.4 ± 13.5 months and weight of 11.9 ± 2.4 kg. the median doses of levobupivacaine, s (+)-ketamine, and clon...

Pain may contribute to cognitive decline, which is a common complication in the early postoperative period. We compared the effects of two common pain management techniques, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA-IV) and patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA), on cognitive functioning in the immediate postoperative period. Patients hospitalized for elective surgery were randomly as...

BACKGROUND Patient-controlled analgesia is used for both labor and postoperative analgesia. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess user satisfaction and functionality of two ambulatory, electronic patient controlled analgesia devices, the GemStar pump Hospira Inc., Illinois, USA) and the ambIT Ambulatory Infusion Therapy pump (Sorenson Medical Products, Utah, USA). PATIENTS AND METHODS It wa...