It is classically contended that when an international organization endowed with international legal personality commits an international wrongful act, the organization is to be held exclusively responsible even though the act would have constituted a violation of its member states' obligations if committed by them. This Article intends to depart from such a rigid interpretation of the respon...

International Law has it's Constituent elements (legal systems, regimes and collections of rules); Those have  interrelations from which legal networks are created. Having this in mind,  the question is whether these Constituent elements only have horizental nexus or are ordered by means of factors which unified them in a vertical manner and because of that International Law is named legal orde...

      Background and Theoretical Foundations: After the world war and the emergence of international organizations in the field of the international system, the world witnessed a change in the arrangement of international actors. One of these international organizations was the International Maritime Organization (IMO). It operates as a specialized agency of the United Nations in the field of m...

Increasingly improvements in foreign commerce have promoted trading exchanges and merchants conclude different commercial contract in international level. However, they may fail in executing their financial commitment in such transactions and experience insolvency due to losses or happening different events. Therefore, international insolvency phenomenon especially a competent court to proceed ...

  Today the leaders of countries are not the only ones which are participating in the treaty- making process. Along with formal treaties many international agreements are signed at lower levels of government and administrative officials have signed them. From the viewpoint of international law, administrative agreements such as treaties provide rights and duties for states and they are also gov...