An operational model of nondeterministic processes coupled with a novel theory of divergence is presented. The operational model represents internal nondeterminism without using explicit internal transitions. Here the notion of internal state e ectively replaces the familiar notion of internal transition, giving rise to an alternative operational view of processes: the weak process. Roughly, a ...

b a c k g r o u n d & aim: multi-state models can help better understand the process of chronic diseases such as cancers.  these models  are influenced  by assumptions  like individual  homogeneity.  this study aimed to investigate the effect of lack of individual homogeneity  assumption  in multi-state models. methods & materials: to investigate the effect of lack of individual homogeneity ass...

In this research, a semi empirical approach has been suggested for calculating the activation energyof unimolecular thermal decomposition of vinyl ethers yielding saturated products. The calculationprocedure is based on the use of molecular mechanics (MM) methods. These methods which involvethe construction of the transition state for a molecule mainly consider the formation of a “HydrogenBridg...

This paper presents an approach of motion planning for a humanoid robot using a state transition method. In this method, motion planning is simplified by introducing a state-space to describe the whole motion series. And each state in the state-space corresponds to a contact state specified during the motion. The continuous motion is represented by a sequence of discrete states. The concept of ...

State transition diagrams are a graphic notation that has long been used to represent computing systems. Two basic models of state transition diagrams were introduced simultaneously by G.H. Mealy and E.F. Moore in the mid fifties, and have played a major role in hardware design for a long time. These basic models have been expanded significantly in the recent past to include such features as th...

This paper describes a procedure for a multitemporal interpretation of vegetation areas in Brazil using Landsat TM images. We started with a monotemporal interpretation of the first epoch of the scene by using both spectral and structural features. For interpretation of temporal changes we discretely described temporal conditions of regions, and transferred the most probable temporal changes of...

ab initio calculations at hf/6-31g* level of theory for geometry optimization and mp2/6-31g*//hf/6-31g* for a single point total energy calculation are reported for the importantenergy-minimum conformations and transition-state geometries of 1, 3-diazacyclohepta-1, 2-diene (2) and 1, 3-diazacycloocta-1, 2-diene (3). the c2 symmetric twist-chair (2-tc)conformation of 2 is calculated to be 7.4 kj...

A real world environment is often partially observable by the agents either because of noisy sensors or incomplete perception. Moreover, it has continuous state space in nature, and agents must decide on an action for each point in internal continuous belief space. Consequently, it is convenient to model this type of decision-making problems as Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (PO...

During economic transition, firms must dramatically reduce their financial dependence on the state and begin to borrow from nonstate capital sources. This paper draws on institutional and resource dependence theories to examine this fundamental transformation of firm capital structure during China’s transition. I propose that managers borrowed from external sources even when internal funds were...

Research on state fragility has seldom examined questions of persistence and transition of states. We develop a sixfold typology of states to examine how key structural features of states evolve and contribute to successful exits from fragility in some cases and persistence in others. Particularly worrisome is the lack of positive transition among the weakest states. Our findings are derived fr...