Actin filaments and microtubules lengthen and shorten by addition and loss of subunits at their ends, but it is not known whether this is also true for intermediate filaments. In fact, several studies suggest that in vivo, intermediate filaments may lengthen by end-to-end annealing and that addition and loss of subunits is not confined to the filament ends. To test these hypotheses, we investig...

The article highlights one of the most important aspects modernizing potential Falsafa (hellenizing philosophy classical Islam), associated with significance soteriological concept developed within its framework for that began in 19th century reconstruction theological discourse. On example activity Jamaladdin al-Afghani (d. 1897), Muhammad Abduh 1905), Rashid Rida 1935) and other reformers, it...