background: the treatment of open tibial fractures is still an orthopaedic challenge and full of complications. in many cases the use of external fixator that has been known as a non-:union: machine is obligatory with a high incidence of pin track infection and other complications. the aim of this study was to compare the use of external fixation as a definite method for treatment of open tibia...

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in currency :union:s internationally. The formation of currency :union: in Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) has drawn much attention of Islamic countries. This paper aims to investigate the effect of currency :union: formation for trade among 49 Islamic countries over the period 1990-2012 by OCA and Augmented Gravity Model (AGM). T...

evidence acquisition a search of pubmed for studies on proximal fifth metatarsal fracture and jones fracture focusing on the classification and management was performed. the reference list of the retrieved articles was searched for additional related studies. conclusions lawrence and botte’s classification of proximal fifth metatarsal fractures is recommended by experts, due to its implication ...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurological disease that affects the speech motor functions, resulting in dysarthria, a motor speech disorder. Speech and articulation deterioration is an indicator of the disease progression of ALS; timely monitoring of the disease progression is critical for clinical management of these patients. This paper investigated machine pre...

We are living in a world which is undergoing profound changes brought about by rapid advances in science and technology. Among such changes, the most visible are those that relate to what is popularly referred to as the information revolution. The artifacts of this revolution are all around us: the e-mail, the world wide web, the cellular phone; the fax; and the desktop computer, among many oth...

Iran's relation with one of the largest countries, that is, Russia (The Soviet Union) has under gone many changes. One of the brilliant examples of the changing policies of Russia towards Iran is, no doubt, the years 1941 to 1953. In this period, most of graceful communist parties' rise and fall is making relations between Iran and Russia. Tudeh party, Ferghe Democrate Azerbaijan and Ferghe Dem...