BACKGROUND This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of dental anxiety in a population of patients with Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF) and patients with mild and moderate intellectual disability (ID), and how dental anxiety correlated with their age and gender. METHODS The sample was made of 700 patients, 287 females and 413 males, 6-to-47 years old, either with borderline...

Studies over the past three decades have shown that learning difficulties are not only determined by neurological disorders, but also by motivational and/or socio-cognitive factors Among these factors, implicit theories of intelligence (also referred to as conceptions, mindsets or beliefs about intelligence) are key elements. The belief that intelligence is fixed (entity theory), as opposed to ...

BACKGROUND Although important progress has been made during the past decade, research on pain in people with intellectual disabilities is still scarce. Pain assessment in people with intellectual disabilities is a frequent and difficult problem, especially for nurses working with people with intellectual disabilities on a daily basis. Gathering more information about pain in people with intelle...

Social comparison theory offers an understanding of the effect of deinstitutionalisation on the development of self-concept for people with intellectual disabilities (Finlay & Lyons, 2000). Social comparison theory predicts that people with intellectual disabilities living in the community will make comparisons with nondisabled groups and as such their self-concept will decrease because of nega...

Since the emergence of virtual reality (VR) technologies, many researchers have argued on the benefits of their use for people with intellectual and multiple disabilities. However, up to this date there is not a single study that presents a detailed overview of the state of the art in virtual reality as a support tool for the treatment of people with intellectual and multiple disabilities, as w...

BACKGROUND Anthropometric measurements are widely used to reliably quantify body composition and to estimate risks of overweight in healthy subjects and in patients. However, information about the reliability of anthropometric measurements in subjects with severe intellectual and sensory disabilities is lacking. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and the test...

www.thelancet.com Vol 383 March 8, 2014 853 It is more than 15 years since the intellectual disabilities specialty was mired in controversy when data from California were reported, which suggested higher rates of mortality among people with intellectual disabilities living in the community compared with those living in institutions. At the time, this fi nding was regarded as an attack on the mo...

People with intellectual disabilities are vulnerable in healthcare environments. They experience health and healthcare inequalities, and when admitted to general hospitals are at a greater risk of patient safety incidents. This is well known in specialist services, but less recognized within primary or secondary healthcare. The most significant barriers to safer and better healthcare appear to ...

BACKGROUND Children with learning disabilities are identified by their severe learning problems and their deficient school achievement. On the other hand, children with sub-average school achievement and sub-average intellectual development are thought to suffer from a general intellectual delay rather than from specific learning disabilities. The open question is whether these two groups are c...