TOEFL iBT has turned recently heads to the impacts language tests can have on language learning. Since error analysis-based instruction has gained a new life with the advent of the computer analysis of the learner’s language, the researchers of this study embarked on examining a sample of integrated and independent writing tasks of 45 Iranian TOEFL iBT candidates in order to identify and classi...

in recent years, formal methods have been used as an important tool forperformance evaluation and verification of a wide range of systems. in the viewpoints of engineers and practitioners, however, there are still some major difficultiesin using formal methods. in this paper, we introduce a new formal modelinglanguage to fill the gaps between object-oriented programming languages (oopls)used by...

Platform Independent Component Modeling Language (or PICML, as it will be called hereafter) is a graphical modeling language for the building blocks of component applications, that is, applications that are built on top of component middleware. It isn’t intended to represent, or conform to the specification of, any particular kind of middleware or any particular vendor’s product. Rather, it’s a...

the synthesis of heat integrated multi-component distillation systems is complex due to its huge search space for structural combination and optimization computation. to provide a systematic approach and tools for the synthesis design of distillation systems, a new method for modeling heat integrated columns is presented, and the operating cost objective function is minimized by improved harmon...

Common MDA development tools concentrate on the Platform Independent Level (PIM) as starting point for the software development process. Here, we propose a new language to support the CIM modelling one abstraction step above PIM and present a GMF based editor supporting the MDA process on a higher, more business oriented level than the most used UML.

The field of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) seeks to help minimize the effects of speech disorders to allow better communication. Hightech AAC devices are electronic devices that address the dual issue of speech impairment and reduced motor control. Communication rate can be improved substantially using word prediction, an application of language modeling to text entry. Word p...

In this paper we introduce a correlated input process model SSMP (Special Semi-Markov Process) for telecommunication networks. Many other models, including the two-state Markov modulated Poisson process MMPP(2), separately treated in the literature are shown to be special cases. The SSMP can be applied for directly modeling discrete-time input processes which are important for the future broadb...

Modeling and simulation have been established as fundamental facilities in the development of analog and analog-digital systems. Essential advances have been achieved by the usage of behavioral modeling languages. These languages can be considered as a link between the technical problem and the mathematical model that can be evaluated by computational methods. The paper outlines the various pos...

For embodied agents that interact with people in time-sensitive applications, such as robot assistants or autonomous characters in video games, effectiveness can depend on responsive and adaptive behavior in dynamic environments. To support such behavior, agents’ cognitive and physical systems can be modeled in a single, shared language of dynamical systems, an integrated design that supports p...