This paper presents a hybrid sensorless control for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) for zero-, low-, and high-speed regions. Many sensorless control methods such as an observer-based estimator have been introduced. However, most of the observerbased estimators have a disadvantage at start-up and in the low-speed region. To solve this problem, a simple strategy of using a ...

nowadays biodiesel is receiving more attention as a most important renewable energy for using in diesel engines. inthis research, the application of response surface methodology (rsm) was highlighted to investigate the effects of biodiesel-diesel blends (b0, b20, b50 and b100), engine operating parameters (engine load and  speed) on co2 emission of a diesel engine. the experiments were conducte...

The state of melt viscosity in injection process is significantly influenced by the setting parameters due to that the shear rate of injection process is higher than other processes. How to determine plastic melt viscosity during injection process is important to understand the influence of setting parameters on the melt viscosity. An apparatus named as pressure sensor bushing (PSB) module that...

A computer controlled direct gasoline fuel injection (DGI) system has been modeled, programmed and constructed for a four-stroke SI engine. Locally available materials have been used for this experimental model. All the old model vehicle were equipped with carburetor for air fuel mixing and later on electronic fuel injection system has been introduced for maintaining better air fuel ratio and m...

From an ecological aspect, the hydrogen has all properties to be a very good fuel for internal combustion engines. However high speed, as well possibility of backfire, is inconvenient port injection. In this paper, influence injection timing on engine working cycle parameters (pressure and temperature) was investigated deeply. The investigation, parameters, performed numerically by application ...

We demonstrate high-speed data transmission with a commercial high power GaN laser diode at 450 nm. 2.6 GHz bandwidth was achieved at an injection current of 500 mA using a high-speed visible light communication setup. Record high 4 Gbps free-space data transmission rate was achieved at room temperature.

Direct discrimination of FM and FSK optical signals using injection-locked DFB semiconductor lasers is analysed. The demodulation eficiency is found to be independent of the optical injection level in the steady state. However, the optical injection level is important in determining the dynamic response. There exists an optimum optical injection rate to achieve the highest demodulation speed. T...

Controlled amount of jitter injection into high speed serial bit stream is required for SerDes jitter tolerance test. While jitter injection by Direct Time Synthesis can be a much more cost effective method than a combination of several instruments, it is not widely used yet. Considering its high potential in high volume production test cost reduction, we have studied the basics of the jitter i...

One of the important problems in reducing of pollutant emission from DI and IDI diesel engines is trade-off  between soot and NOx. Split injection is one of the most powerful tools that makes the chance to shift the trade-off curve closer to origin.  At the present work, the effect of split injection on the combustion process and emissions of a cylinder IDI diesel engine under the specification...