Introduction: Current Thermal cycling units fail to simulate the drinking behaviors, and oral balancing temperature. They cannot also simulate other oral conditions such as drink coloring, and chemicals like tea, coffee, carbonated and noncarbonated, citrus juices as well as alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks and also saliva and milk itself. The main objective of this study is to introduce the d...

Synchronization systems play a vital role in the day-to-day operation of power and their restoration after cascading failures. Hence, resilience to cyberattacks is imperative. In this paper, we demonstrate that well-planned false data injection attack against synchronization system generator capable causing tripping subsequently leading instability blackout. We present an analytical framework b...

Re-injection of produced geothermal water for pressure support is a common practice in geothermal field management. The location selection of the reinjection well and the rate of injection is a challenging subject for geothermal reservoir engineers. The goal of optimization for this type of problem is usually to find one or more combinations of geothermal re-injection well locations that will m...

This paper presents a feedback deign approach to the cold-start speed control for spark ignition engines. First, in order to ensure successful combustion in the transient mode, a fuel injection controller is given based on the air charge estimation with inverse dynamics of fuel path, which is a dual sampling rate system, i.e. the estimation for the air charge is performed TDC-based, and the fue...

A multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) sliding mode control scheme was developed with guaranteed stability to simultaneously control air-to-fuel ratio (AFR) and fuel ratios to desired levels under various air flow disturbances by regulating the mass flow rates of engine port-fuel-injection (PFI) and direct injection (DI) systems. The sliding mode control performance was compared with a baseline mult...

This paper addresses the problem of the validation of fault-tolerant systems. It presents the preliminary results of a collaborative research aimed at providing an integrated environment for applying fault injection into simulation models encompassing various levels of abstraction. The expected benefits of the approach are clearly identified in relation to other fault injection methods availabl...

This paper describes the development of DEPEND, an integrated simulation environment for the design and dependability analysis of fault-tolerant systems. DEPEND models both hardware and software components at a functional level, and allows automatic failure injection to assess system performance and reliability. It relieves the user of the work needed to inject failures, maintain statistics and...

This study presents an analytical model for estimating minimum horizontal stress in hydraulic fracturing stimulations. The conventional Diagnostic Fracture Injection Test (DFIT) is not practical ultra-tight formations, leading to the need pump-in/flowback tests. However, ambiguities results of these tests have limited their application. proposed based on linear diffusivity equation and material...

Minimally invasive technique provides a revolutionized clinical therapy, which significantly reduces operation trauma, recovery time, and overall clinical costs. Interventional radiologists use this technique to access vascular systems, and use catheterization to navigate to the region of interest with the help of the medical imaging technique. Medical education and training offer a virtual cli...

A buried injector is proposed as a source of electrons for substrate hot electron injection. To enhance the compatibility with VLSI processing, the buried injector is formed by the local overlap of the n-well and p-well of a retrograde twin-well CMOS process. The injector is activated by means of punchthrough. This mechanism allows the realization of a selective injector without increasing the ...