In 1989, a watershed acidification experiment was begun on the Fernow Experimental Forest in West Virginia, USA. Ammonium sulfate fertilizer (35.5 kg N ha yrand 40.5 kg S ha yr) was applied to a forested watershed (WS3) that supported a 20-year-old stand of eastern deciduous hardwoods. Additions of N and S are approximately twice the ambient deposition of nitrogen and sulfur in the adjacent mat...

residues is applied to the land, it undergoes numerous chemical, physical and biological reactions. In its nitrate form (NO3), it can move down through soil into groundwater. Nitrate can also be a factor in surface water quality problems. In sufficient concentrations, nitrate in drinking water can be toxic to infants. Scientists are also investigating possible links between nitrate and other lo...

Nitrogen is an essential soil nutrient for plants, and lack of nitrogen commonly limits plant growth. Soil nitrogen is typically available to plants in two inorganic forms: nitrate and ammonium. To better understand how nitrate and ammonium differentially affect plant metabolism and development, we performed transcriptional profiling of the shoots of ammonium-supplied and nitrate-supplied Arabi...

Pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) is considered as a technique to improve soil fertility and store carbon (C) in soil. However, little is known regarding soil organic C and nitrogen (N) mineralization in PyOM-amended soils. To investigate the relationship between the C and N mineralization rates and the possible consequences in terms of C storage and N availability, we incubated ryegrass-derived ...

, The nitrogen of the three above sources of nitrogen is not available to the plant until it has been converted to ammonia, the nitrites or nitrates. In sugarcane probably the most important of the above three compounds is the nitrate nitrogen form. When added to the soil in a commercial fertilizer, nitrate nitrogen, if applied in fairly large quantities, under certain conditions can also be th...

The objective of this study was the detection and assessment of nutrient entry pathways in a complex mesoscale lowland catchment. The central aim was the development of a transferable method for an efficient estimation of instream water quality in rural environments. The investigated Kielstau catchment with a size of approximately 50 km2 is located in the North German lowlands. Land use is domi...

Landfill leachates, which are potential pollutants, may also carry significant amounts of nutrients that can be recycled by plants. We assessed the nutritional status and yield of wheat ( L.) and properties of a Rhodic Kandiudult soil (depths of 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, and 40-60 cm) after 11 applications of landfill leachate over 4 yr. In the last application, wheat received 0, 32.7, 65.4, 98.1, or...

The effects of elevated CO2 (750 ppm vs. 390 ppm) were evaluated on nitrogen (N) acquisition and assimilation by three Medicago truncatula genotypes, including two N-fixing-deficient mutants (dnf1-1 and dnf1-2) and their wild-type (Jemalong). The proportion of N acquisition from atmosphere and soil were quantified by (15)N stable isotope, and N transportation and assimilation-related genes and ...

The CERES-Maize model was developed to investigate how variations in environmental conditions, management decisions, and genetics interact to a€ect crop development and growth. A tile drainage subroutine was incorporated into CERES-Maize to improve soil-water and nitrogen leaching under subsurface tile drainage conditions. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the soil-water, soil-nitrogen, ...

The nitrate contents of various vegetables were analyzed by ion chromatography. It was shown that tahtsai, spinach, chingentsai and pakchoi contained more than 300 mg of nitrate per 100 g of edible portion. There was a significant difference in the nitrate content of leaf, stem and edible portion of chingentsai between summer and winter, and there was a significant difference in the nitrate con...