Besides the difficulty of the application problem to be solved with Genetic Algorithms (GAs), an additional difficulty arises because the quality of the solution found, or the computational resources required to find it, depends on the selection of the Genetic Algorithm’s characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to gain some insight into one of those characteristics: the difficult problem ...

IN ISOLATED populations underdominance leads to bistable evolutionary dynamics: below a certain mutant allele frequency the wildtype succeeds. Above this point, the potentially underdominant mutant allele fixes. In subdivided populations with gene flow there can be stable states with coexistence of wildtypes and mutants: polymorphism can be maintained because of a migration-selection equilibriu...

where αu models the birth of the prey, βuv models death of the prey by being captured by predators, ρβuv models the rate of birth of the predators (which depends on how many prey are captured), and γv models the death of the predators. The basic model exhibits solutions which have periodic oscillating predator and prey populations. There is one non-trivial steady-state which is a center which i...

In this paper, we study a phase-space analysis of a mathematical model of tumor growth with an immune response. Mathematical analysis of the model equations with multipoint initial condition, regarding to dissipativity, boundedness of solutions, invariance of non-negativity, nature of equilibria, local and global stability will be investigated. We study some features of behavior of one three-di...

Question: Do non-equilibrium (cycles or chaos) population dynamics change evolutionary behaviour when compared with equilibrium dynamics? Mathematical methods: The theory of adaptive dynamics is applied to a discrete ecological model with an explicit trade-off between reproduction and survival. Simulation techniques are compared with the theoretical findings. Key assumptions: Mutations in life-...

Context. With the high number of extrasolar planets discovered by now, it becomes possible to use the properties of this planetary population to constrain theoretical formation models in a statistical sense. This paper is the first in a series in which we carry out a large number of planet population synthesis calculations within the framework of the core accretion scenario. We begin the series...

We consider the problem of explaining the emergence and evolution of cooperation in dynamic network-structured populations. Building on seminal work by Poncela et al., which shows how cooperation (in one-shot prisoner's dilemma) is supported in growing populations by an evolutionary preferential attachment (EPA) model, we investigate the effect of fluctuations in the population size. We find th...

We review the basic patterns of complex non-uniqueness in simple discrete-time population dynamics models. We begin by studying a population dynamics model of a single species with a two-stage, two-habitat life cycle. We then explore in greater detail two ecological models describing host–macroparasite and host–parasitoid interspecific interactions. In general, several types of attractors, e.g....