Foreign surface pacification may significantly reduce the detrimental effects of the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit. To date, albumin is the only intervention consistently shown to be beneficial. The cationic physical properties of aprotinin and the known negative charge on the plastic CPB circuit mean that aprotinin binds to the CPB circuit and membrane oxygenator. A previously validated...

Platelet activation results in profound morphologic changes accompanied by release of granule contents. Recent evidence indicates that fusion of granules with the plasma membrane during activation provides auxiliary membrane to cover growing actin structures. Yet little is known about how membrane fusion is coupled with actin reorganization. Vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)-7 is found...

AIM Cigarette smoking is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Platelet adhesiveness and aggregation increases as a result of smoking. Cigarette smoking modifies haemostatic parameters via thrombosis with a consequently higher rate of cardiovascular events, but smoking-induced alterations of platelet membrane fluidit...

Tertiary amine local anesthetics modify a variety of platelet membrane-related functions. The present study explored dibucaine (DB)-induced inhibition of platelet cohesion by examining structural and functional alterations of the human platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex (GPIIb-IIIa) and platelet Ca2+ homeostasis. Complete inhibition of ADP-induced aggregation was achieved five minu...

objectives : platelet preparations are commonly used to enhance bone and soft tissue regeneration. considering the existing controversies on the efficacy of platelet products for tissue regeneration, more in vitro studies are required. the aim of the present study was to compare the in vitro effects of plasma rich in growth factors (prgf) and platelet-rich fibrin (prf) on proliferation and viab...

We recently reported the characterization of a platelet granule membrane protein of molecular weight (mol wt) 40,000 called granulophysin (Gerrard et al: Blood 77:101, 1991), identified by a monoclonal antibody (MoAb D545) raised to purified dense granule membranes. Using immunoelectron-microscopic techniques on frozen thin sections, this protein was localized in resting and thrombin-stimulated...

We found a novel platelet aggregating factor in a patient with steroid-responsive immune thrombocytopenic purpura that is associated with defective collagen-induced platelet functions. The aggregating factor and platelet functions were analyzed. The patient, a 58-year-old female, had purpura and prolonged bleeding time despite adequate platelet counts (greater than 140,000/microL) after steroid...

Platelets, which are derived from megakaryocytes, circulate in mammalian blood and play essential roles in hemostasis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and metastasis. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a conserved family of enzymes, each having both protein and lipid kinase activities. PI3K-mediated signaling affects platelet adhesion and aggregation. PI3Ks are activated downstream of several m...

This article discusses the role of electron microscopy in diagnosis and study morphological changes that cause platelet structural abnormalities a variety congenital diseases. Morphological can be divided into cytoskeleton, alpha dense granules, membrane abnormalities. Our paper describes ultrastructural defects Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome, MYH9-associated syndromes, gray Hermansky–Pudlak Paris–Tr...

Several groups have recently described the isolation of a 20 kDa membrane-attack-complex (MAC)-inhibiting protein, termed 'CD59 antigen', from human erythrocyte membranes. Antibodies raised against erythrocyte CD59 antigen detect antigen on the surface of many other cell types, and in some of these cells the antigen has been shown to have a molecular mass similar to that of the erythrocyte prot...