Previous work has shown the efficacy of using Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (EDAs) to detect faults in concurrent software/systems. A promising feature of EDAs is the ability to analyse the information or model learned from any particular execution. The analysis performed can yield insights into the target problem allowing practitioners to adjust parameters of the algorithm or indeed th...

Wireless networking allows users to access information and services regardless of location and physical infrastructure. It is a fast growing technology due to its availability of wireless devices, flexibility, ease of installation and configuration. With this rapid expansion of information and Communication Technology (ICT), the consumption of energy is also increasing. In the early age of wire...

Field experiments have shown that information nudging can help households to save energy, however, the effectiveness varies depending on aspects such as content, delivery mode and study area. This article evaluates impacts of nudges residential electricity consumption with a randomized field experiment. opt-in experiment was conducted in Finland. Information administered via monthly email newsl...