Direct tracheoscopy was employed to assess tracheal damage following prolonged intubation. Comparison of conventional and low-pressure cuffs showed that there was less trauma from the low-pressure cuff. Comparison of tube sizes showed a reduction in injury with 8-mm diameter tubes compared with larger ones. Knowledge of tracheal damage following prolonged endotracheal intubation has depended hi...

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the functional effects and mechanisms of action rosuvastatin on vascular tracheal smooth muscle tissues. 
 Materials Methods: Vascular rings (2-3 mm) isolated from thoracic aortas, pulmonary arteries, tracheas Wistar Albino male rats (250-300 g) were placed in chambers tissue bath system. As resting tension, 1 g was selected. contracted with 10-6 M ph...

objective(s): in regard to the high incidence of asthma and the side-effects of the drugs used, finding novel treatments for this disease is necessary. our previous studies demonstrated the preventive effect of nigella sativa extract on ovalbumin-induced asthma. in addition, water-soluble substances of n. sativa extract and methanol fraction of this plant were responsible for the relaxant effec...

Aim: To compare the efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone with placebo in preventing POST after endotracheal intubation general surgical patients. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Place and duration study: Department Anesthesiology Surgical Intensive Care Unit Pain Management, Civil Hospital, Dow University Health Sciences Karachi from 12th January 2015 to 11th July 2015. Methodology: Sixty...

BACKGROUND The Entropy Module anaesthesia monitor displays two spectral entropy-based indices, response entropy (RE) and state entropy (SE). The difference between RE and SE (RE-SE), which mainly reflects electromyography activation, is thought to indicate the adequacy of antinociception. Little is known, however, about the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents on the RE-SE. We investigated ...

BACKGROUND beta1-Adrenoceptor antagonists suppress the haemodynamic and arousal responses to tracheal intubation. The Entropy Module shows two spectral entropy-based indices, response entropy (RE) and state entropy (SE). The difference between RE and SE (RE-SE) may reflect nociception during general anaesthesia. In the present study, we investigated the effect of landiolol on entropy indices in...

picralima nitida is used traditionally for management of cough. this study, therefore, investigated the antitussive, expectorant, and analgesic properties of the ethanolic seed extract of picralima nitida (pne), and ascertained its safety for use. presence of secondary metabolites, and safety of pne (10-2000 mg/kg) were evaluated by preliminary phytochemical screening, and by irwin’s test respe...

Airway epithelium releases inhibitory factors, such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which may counteract bronchoconstriction. We investigated whether epithelium-derived inhibitory substances exert a crucial influence on bovine tracheal responsiveness in vitro. Isotonic and isometric contractions in response to histamine of intact and epithelium-denuded tracheal smooth muscle s...