This study aimed to assess benzodiazepine craving longitudinally and to describe its time course by means of the Benzodiazepine Craving Questionnaire (BCQ). Subjects were long-term benzodiazepine users participating in a two-part treatment intervention aimed to reduce long-term benzodiazepine use in general practice in The Netherlands. Four repeated measurements of benzodiazepine craving were t...

UNLABELLED The craving response to smoking-associated cues in humans or to intravenous nicotine-associated cues in adult rats progressively increases or incubates after withdrawal. Here, we further characterized incubation of nicotine craving in the rat model by determining whether this incubation is observed after adolescent-onset nicotine self-administration. We also used the neuronal activit...

Many modern theories of drug use and dependence assign central prominence to the role of craving in drug use and relapse. However, some continue to debate whether drug craving has any motivational significance in terms of drug-using behaviors. Cognitive social learning theory adds additional perspective by imbedding craving within a network of cognitive processes that, as they inter-relate, inf...

AIMS The impact of emotional states on alcohol craving has so far mainly been investigated in abstinent and actively consuming alcohol addicts. Alcohol craving and the variables that influence alcohol craving have not yet been examined in non-addicted, alcohol abusing drinkers and non-abusing occasional alcohol drinkers. METHODS In this study 50 problem drinkers and 50 occasional alcohol drin...

BACKGROUND Laterality of brain activation is reported for tests of risk factors of addiction- impulsivity and craving-but authors rarely address the potential significance of those asymmetries. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to demonstrate this laterality and discuss its relevance to cognitive and neurophysiological asymmetries associated with drug abuse vulnerability in order to prov...

objectives: this study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on craving, symptoms of depression and anxiety among the patients under mmt. methods: in this experimental study, 36 opiate addicts under mmt were selected out of all the patients referring to iranian national center of addiction studies on a judgmental sampling method and were randomly allocated ...

AIMS: This study lays the foundation for a clinical prediction model based on methamphetamine craving intensity and its ability to predict the presence or absence of within-treatment methamphetamine use. DESIGN: We used a random effects logistic approach for estimating repeated-measures, generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) using craving as the sole predictor of methamphetamine. A multivaria...

Background: Tobacco dependence remains a significant public health concern. In the United States, cigarette smoking continues to be the leading preventable cause of mortality, accounting for about one out of every five deaths. Exposure to cues associated with smoking results in behavioral, physiological, and subjective effects, including craving. Smokingrelated craving can precipitate smoking i...

We previously have shown that cue-induced alcohol craving and propensity for higher drinking are modulated by allelic differences in SLC6A4 associated with serotonin transporter (5-HTT) expression level alterations. In an independent study, we characterized another polymorphism, SNP rs1042173, in 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the same gene, which also altered 5-HTT expression levels; the T...

BACKGROUND Low serotonin transmission is thought to increase susceptibility to a wide range of substance use disorders and impulsive traits. AIMS To investigate the effects of lowered serotonin on cocaine-induced (1.0 mg/kg cocaine, self-administered intranasally) dopamine responses and drug craving. METHOD In non-dependent cocaine users, serotonin transmission was reduced using the acute t...