original article     the aim of this study was to design and build a software for noise propagation prediction (indoor and from indoor to outdoor spaces) which is being commonly used in industry.  in this regard, firstly a mathematical complex model was created based on existing relationships about noise propagation in indoor spaces and transmission through the walls and propagation in outdoor ...

OBJECTIVE Parental atopy and environmental exposures are recognized risk factors for childhood asthma. However, the relative contributions of specific risk factors and the overall contributions of indoor and outdoor exposures remain unexplored. This study was undertaken to identify risk factors, estimate the population attributable risk of each exposure, and compare the data for boys versus gir...

OBJECTS We carried out an investigation to clarify the real state of indoor air pollution by chlorpyrifos (termiticide) and exposure to chlorpyrifos of residents by measuring its urinary metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) as an exposure index, such as biological monitoring. METHODS The investigation was conducted in 43 individual houses with termiticide application (whether the term...

as surfactants enhance the membrane transport of organic compounds, it has to be assumed that they decisively influence the absorption of pollutants from house dust. sampling sites for the surfactant analysis include housing areas, each location of which has different surroundings such as rural, urban, construction, and industrial area. three stations had been selected for each housing area and...

294 Abstract — In this paper the beamforming and radiation pattern of various linear and planar phased antenna arrays configurations are presented. They are intended for use in indoor location estimation and wireless process monitoring applications based on the determining of direction-of-arrival (DOA) of radio signals by measuring the angle-of-arrival (AOA). Beamforming and the steering of ant...

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has designated a handful of instruments as Federal Reference or Federal Equivalency Methods (FRM and FEM, respectively) for the monitoring of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). More commonly used for indoor exposure assessment studies are optical scanning devices such as the DustTrak (TSI) due to the their portability and affordability. It is recommend...

An intensive particle monitoring study was conducted in homes in the Boston, Massachusetts, area during the winter and summer of 1996 in an effort to characterize sources of indoor particles. As part of this study, continuous particle size and mass concentration data were collected in four single-family homes, with each home monitored for one or two 6-day periods. Additionally, housing activity...

The digital electronics, embedded systems and wireless communications together result in wireless sensor networks. A general wireless sensor network consists of a number of sensors spread across a geographical area. Each sensor has wireless communication capability and sufficient intelligence for signal processing and networking of the data. So these networks have a wide range of potential appl...