30 Adopting land policies and laws for effective, equitable and sustainable land use 30 Implementing land legislation and policy 31 Reassessing mechanisms for land redistribution 31 Putting land in a broader picture 32 Understanding the political dynamics of policy processes 32 Strengthening civil society organisations 32 Identifying areas for further research 33 REFERENCES 34 iv ACKNOWLEDGEMEN...

Tropical deforestation is an example of geochange with massive impacts to the environment locally and globally. In the Brazilian Amazon deforestation has prevailed owing mostly to private investments in agricultural expansion, associated with large-scale cattle ranching, smallscale subsistence farming and soybeans expansion. Data on deforestation have been relied mostly on satellite remote sens...

Tenure is an integral aspect of academia. Because tenured faculty give esteem to individual physical therapy programs and to the profession as a whole, understanding the process of attaining tenure is vital to all physical therapy educators. Tenure in universities is described, and the process of attaining tenure is outlined. Criteria for tenure, factors related to transfer of faculty between u...

Unlike the industrialised countries of the Pacific Rim, the economies of Pacific islands remain dependent on natural resources. Their exports are dominated by minerals, timber, fish, agricultural products and tourism. Moreover, in contrast to Pacific Rim countries—where the majority of the population is fully integrated into the cash economy—a large proportion of the population of the Pacific s...

The formalization of rural people’s rights to agricultural and forest land is a key policy focus for many developing countries (Larson et al. 2010; Deininger and Hilhorst 2013). These reforms can improve marginalized people’s wellbeing by securing their hold on durable income-yielding assets, especially where land ownership is culturally prized (Holden et al. 2013; Lawry et al. 2014). However, ...