This thesis investigates what role paraconsistency can play in dealing with traditionally intractable problems concerning identity and change. More specifically, we consider three logics that all commit to a Leibnizian account of identity, but that provide distinct solutions to a version of the sorites paradox related to the Ship of Theseus. It is shown how the first of these logics solves the ...

Modality inconsistency is one of the security policy evaluation challenges, which arises because of the existence of both positive and negative authorizations for a given subject-object pair. An inconsistency analysis model is needed to discover inconsistency based on the inheritance relationship between concepts and resolved it by using predefined resolution rules. Previous studies handle moda...

We study the problem of analyzing inconsistency in a distributed information system where the reliability of the sources is taken into account. We model uncertainty by assigning a probability to each source. This yields a definition of the expected inconsistency of the system. We also extend this with the use of Shapley values for determining the responsibility of each formula to inconsistency....

We provide two approaches for explaining inconsistency in multi-context systems, where decentralized and heterogeneous system parts interact via nonmonotonic bridge rules. Inconsistencies arise easily in such scenarios, and nonmonotonicity calls for specific methods of inconsistency analysis. Both our approaches characterize inconsistency in terms of involved bridge rules: either by pointing ou...

Meta-analyses that simultaneously compare multiple treatments (usually referred to as network meta-analyses or mixed treatment comparisons) are becoming increasingly common. An important component of a network meta-analysis is an assessment of the extent to which different sources of evidence are compatible, both substantively and statistically. A simple indirect comparison may be confounded if...

Measuring inconsistency is crucial to effective inconsistency management in software development. A complete measurement of inconsistency should focus on not only the degree but also the significance of inconsistency. However, most of the approaches available only take the degree of inconsistency into account. The significance of inconsistency has not yet been given much needed consideration. T...

Mixed Treatment Comparisons (MTCs) enable the simultaneous meta-analysis (data pooling) of networks of clinical trials comparing ≥ 2 alternative treatments. Inconsistency models are critical in MTC to assess the overall consistency between evidence sources. Only in the absence of considerable inconsistency can the results of an MTC (consistency) model be trusted. However, inconsistency model sp...

BACKGROUND The assumption of consistency, defined as agreement between direct and indirect sources of evidence, underlies the increasingly popular method of network meta-analysis. No evidence exists so far regarding the extent of inconsistency in full networks of interventions or the factors that control its statistical detection. METHODS In this paper we assess the prevalence of inconsistenc...