Anisotropy data analysis leaves a significant degeneracy between primeval spectral index (n s) and cosmic opacity to CMB photons (τ). Low–l polarization measures, in principle, can remove it. We perform a likelihood analysis to see how cosmic variance possibly affects such a problem. We find that, for a sufficiently low noise level (σ P pix) and if τ is not negligibly low, the degeneracy is gre...

There is growing interest in the study of multilevel societies, where social units comprising several individual animals (human and non-human) come together to form higher-level groupings. Grueter et al. [ 1. C.C. Multilevel organisation animal sociality. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2020; 9: 834-847 Abstract Full Text PDF Scopus (46) Google Scholar ] provided a useful definition highlighting that key ch...