the present dissertation aims to investigate four-word lexical bundles in applied linguistics research articles by iranian and internationally-published writers. the aims of this study are two-fold: first of all, attempts have been made to create a comprehensive list of the most commonly used four-word lexical bundles categorized by their type and token frequency, their structural characteristi...

abstract this study set out to compare the effect of modality of presentation (subtitled vs. auditory) in the comprehension of verbal content of documentary films among iranian efl students. to this end, (30 male 30 female) students were chosen from two schools. after their homogeneity was established, the students attended the listening sessions to watch five documentary films over t...

Background and purpose: Human health is affected by a variety of human and natural phenomena that surround the environment. Atmospheric pollutants and thermal comfort conditions concern the quality of surrounding air. Given the influential role of lakes on the climatic conditions of their surrounding environment, the effect of different scenarios of Maharlu Lake in the southeastern part of Shir...

while performance-based language assessment has led to an increased authenticity and content validity in the practice of writing assessment, the reliability of ratings has become a major issue. research findings have shown different reactions by native english speaker (nes) and non-native english speaker (nns) teachers to students’ writings. the focus of this study is on investigating whether i...

Introduction and purpose: Thermal comfort conditions are a set of thermal conditions that can be appropriate for at least 80% of people. The absence of thermal comfort conditions is considered as a bipolar phenomenon of cold to warm or hot discomfort, which creates different levels of thermal stress. In this comparative study, we analyzed the temporal and spatial distributio...

abstract the aim of the present study is to explore the impact of the cognitive reading strategy instruction on learners reading self-efficacy and their reading achievement. in order to fulfill this purpose, from 120 participants, 90 intermediate efl learners as an experimental group were chosen from three different educational settings namely, yazd university, yazd science and art un...