We evaluated the evocative effects of four conditions (high- and low-preference activities, low and divided attention) and stimulant medication on the behavior of a 16-year-old boy with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and moderate mental retardation. All behavior (activity engagement, activity changes, inappropriate touching, rude behaviors, and physical aggression) improved with stimu...

Individuals vary in their responses to stimulant drugs, and several lines of evidence suggest that the basis for this variation is at least partially genetic in origin. Association studies have examined the effects of polymorphisms in specific genes on acute and chronic responses to stimulant drugs. Several of these genetic polymorphisms are also associated with other psychiatric dimensions and...

This pilot study of 23 mothers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their offspring with ADHD examined the effects of maternal stimulant medication on observed interactions. Parent-child interactions were observed using a structured protocol before and after mothers underwent a 5-week, double-blind stimulant titration. Despite dramatic effects of medication on adult ADHD sym...

Children who are diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (or who engage in behavior consistent with such a diagnosis) are often prescribed stimulant medications for hyperactive or inattentive behaviors. However, the mechanisms by which stimulant medications affect individuals' behavior are rarely evaluated. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of stimulan...

Objective: To examine college students’ illicit use of prescription stimulant medications and compliancegaining strategies that they would use to obtain a stimulant medication. Design: A questionnaire-based study. Setting: Seven hundred and twenty undergraduate college students at a large, northeastern university in the United States were surveyed. Method: The study received approval from the u...

Background Providing population-based data on awareness, attitude and practice of drug and stimulant use has policy implications. A national study was conducted among Iranian general population to explore life time prevalence, awareness and attitudes toward opioids and stimulant use.   Methods We recruited subjects from 5 provinces with heterogenic pattern of drug use. P...

Abstract Background Drug checking is a harm reduction intervention aiming to reduce substance use-related risks by improving drug user knowledge of the composition unregulated drugs. With increasing fears fentanyl adulteration in drugs, this study sought examine whether expected type checked (stimulant vs. opioid) was associated with timing service utilization (pre-consumption post-consumption)...

Nosocomial infections are a health concern in hospitals both in developed and developing countries. Immuno-compromised patients in intensive care units (ICU) have been identified as being particularly vulnerable. However, despite numerous interventions, infection rates remain high and antibiotic resistance is now of global concern. In Sri Lanka, higher than anticipated infection rates appear li...

Activated carbons from argan nutshells were prepared by chemical activation using phosphoric acid H3PO4. This material was characterized thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectrometry, and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method. The adsorption of two emerging compounds, a stimulant caffeine an anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac, distilled water through batch dynamic tests investigated. Batch mode ...