BACKGROUND Five to ten percent of immunocompetent persons fail to develop a protective immune response to hepatitis B vaccination, and are defined non-responders (NR). We investigated the immune response to intradermal hepatitis B vaccination after pre-treatment of the skin with the TLR7 agonist imiquimod. METHODS Twenty-one non-responders (anti-HBs <10 IU/l after at least 6 intramuscular hep...

We present a Caputo fractional order mathematical model that describes the cellular infection of Hepatitis B virus and immune response body with Holling type II functional response. study existence unique positive solutions local global stability virus-free endemic equilibria. Finally, we numerical results using Adam-type predictor–corrector iterative scheme.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is transmitted by parenteral, sexual and perinatal routes. While fulminant hepatitis may occur in 1% of cases of symptomatic acute hepatitis, the principal problem of HBV infection is that it may become chronic, classically defined by carriage of HB surface antigens (HBsAg) for more than 6 months. This occurs in only 0.5 to 3% of immunocompetent adults but more frequentl...

Abstract Hepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis virus (HBV) and it affects livers. It has been established that disease a serious medical condition an overpowering immune response to infection. To this effect, there need for cross examination of records patients on ascertain factors could be responsible survival or dying from disease. Descriptive analysis data showed sexually active age bracket...

Hepatitis C is a worldwide endemic disease, affecting roughly 200 million people. It has a variable prognosis, depending on the progression to fibrosis. During the last five years, the importance of apoptosis for the pathogenesis of various diseases, including hepatitis, has been recognized. It has been suggested that an increase in T cell-apoptosis during a hepatitis C virus infection is the c...

Therapeutic vaccine candidates against hepatitis C virus infection have demonstrated immunogenicity, but none of them have been able to induce complete viral elimination. Reviewed evidence shows hepatitis C virus-specific T cell exhaustion as a major obstacle for the immune containment of the virus. The possibility that hepatitis C virus-specific T cells may be rescued from exhaustion by interf...

BACKGROUND Gestational zinc deficiency has been confirmed to impair the infant immune function. However, knowledge about effects of maternal mild zinc deficiency during pregnancy on hepatitis B vaccine responsiveness in offspring is limited. In this report, we aimed to examine how maternal zinc deficiency during pregnancy influences humoral and cellular immune responses to hepatitis B vaccinati...

Efficient recruitment and activation of immuno-competent cells is crucial for an effective immune response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Chemokines and chemokine receptors have been shown to be critically involved in these processes. The CCR5 chemokine receptor is expressed on several cells of the immune system and has been suggested to influence the susceptibility to HCV infection as w...

AIC649 has been shown to directly address the antigen presenting cell arm of the host immune defense leading to a regulated cytokine release and activation of T cell responses. In the present study we analyzed the antiviral efficacy of AIC649 as well as its potential to induce functional cure in animal models for chronic hepatitis B. Hepatitis B virus transgenic mice and chronically woodchuck h...

!30 years of age are at higher risk of developing acute hepatitis A than are those aged 140 years (OR, 5.5; 95% CI, 1.2– 23.3). Patients who acquired HIV infection during sex had higher rates of natural hepatitis A immunity than did those who acquired HIV infection parenterally (61% vs. 38%; ). P p .13 These data support the recommendation of hepatitis A vaccination for patients with HIV infect...