BACKGROUND Imiquimod is a local immune response modifier that has demonstrated potent antiviral and antitumor activity. It enhances innate and acquired immune responses via endogenous cytokine production and has proven efficacious in clearing superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the mechanisms by which topical imiquimod treatment leads to sBCC clearance in vivo. DE...

Imiquimod (S-26308, R-837) (1-(2-methylpropyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4 amine), an immune response modifier, demonstrates potent antiviral and antitumor activity in animal models (see structure in Fig. 1). The drug exhibits no direct antiviral or antiproliferative activity when tested in a number of cell culture systems. Imiquimod's activity was discovered while screening for anti-herpes vir...

lactide)-b-poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone-co-N-acryloxysuccinimide) (PLA-b-P (NVP-co-NAS), 19000–22000 g.mol 1, PDI= 1.5) were prepared by nanoprecipitation and characterized in terms of size (DLS) and critical micellar concentration (cmc). Imiquimod was incubated with the aqueous micellar solution for 1 hour and imiquimod loading in the micelles was quantified by fluorimetry. The micelles were furth...

OBJECTIVES Imiquimod is an immune response modifier that has demonstrated a good efficacy and relatively low recurrence rates in comparison to other genital wart treatment modalities. The primary objective of this open-label study was to evaluate the effect on sustained clearance of treated lesions and the safety of patient-applied topical imiquimod after laser therapy of external anogenital wa...

BACKGROUND: Dermatoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic tool used to examine skin lesions with an optical magnification. It has been suggested as a useful tool for monitoring therapeutic response in lentigo maligna patients treated with imiquimod. OBJECTIVE: To examine the accuracy of dermatoscopy as a tool to monitor the therapeutic response of pigmented basal cell carcinoma treated with imiqu...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5% imiquimod cream compared with vehicle in the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK). DESIGN Two phase 3 randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, vehicle-controlled studies. SETTING Twenty-six ambulatory care offices, including dermatologists in private practice or research centers. PATIENTS Four hundred ninety-two patients, 18 years and ol...

BACKGROUND 5% Imiquimod cream is a topical immune response modifier that has been used off-label to treat malignant melanocytic proliferations such as lentigo maligna. To our knowledge, imiquimod has not been previously used to treat atypical nevi (AN). OBSERVATIONS Three patients each with 1 selected clinically AN were treated with imiquimod 5 nights per week for 12 weeks. The lesions were s...

Viral respiratory infections cause acute airway abnormalities consisting of inflammation and physiological dysfunction in both animals and humans. It is likely that inflammatory cell products, such as cytokines, contribute substantially to viral-induced airway dysfunction. We hypothesized that imiquimod, an immune response enhancing agent that induces interferon-alpha, would attenuate the devel...

BACKGROUND Imiquimod, a synthetic Toll-like receptor 7 agonist enhanced immunogenicity of influenza vaccine in a mouse model. We hypothesized that topical imiquimod before intradermal influenza vaccination (TIV) would produce similar effect in human. METHODS We performed a prospective 1-year follow-up, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial with adults with comorbidities. Participants wer...

PURPOSE Topical application of the immune response modifier imiquimod is an alternative approach for the treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) and aims at the immunologic eradication of HPV-infected cells. We have charted HPV16-specific immunity in 29 patients with high-grade VIN and examined its role in the clinical effect of imiquimod treatmen...