all of the major branches of islamic mysticism, ‘irfān, refer to imam ‘ali (‘a) as a major source for their teachings and practices. hence, we begin with a review of how the mystics viewed imam ‘ali (‘a). after this we consider some controversies about the nature of ‘irfān and its relationship to sufism, for the terms have been used in different ways. then we turn to the sources on the basis of...

undoubtedly the founder of any knowledge is who laid the cornerstone of that. on the base of many narratives, imam ali (as) is the founder of arabic grammar who directed abul asvad addoali to expand arabic grammar. but some of modern scholars imitated some orientalists and on the base of a few narratives denied that the founder of arabic grammar is imam ali (as). they also refused to accept the...

Background: The quality of drinking water supplied to hospitals is directly related the health services provided people.
 Objective: To assess chemical and microbial standards four public on Baghdad's eastern side.
 Patients Methods: In this study, 100 samples were collected from taps hospitals. Scientific methods followed collect in clean, sterile bottles. chemophysical characteristi...

This paper deals with the study of impact Shiism on Arabic literature in general, and Fatimid particular. It treats issue of)al-Zahir al-Batin(in Holy Qur’an or what is called esoteric interpretation. The writers exerted more attention paid their effort employing Qur’anic verses through interpretation, goal that was to get Imamate Caliphate, it utmost motivation for right Ali bin Abi Talib his ...

I enjoyed reading the article by Malik et al titled ‘Efficacy of sutureless and glue-free limbal conjunctival auto-graft for primary pterygium surgery’ published in the Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology (Malik et al, 2012). The authors highlighted an important technique of primary pterygium surgery without application of sutures or bio-fibrin glue. This is, of course, a very challenging procedu...

All of the major branches of Islamic mysticism, ‘irfān, refer to Imam ‘Ali (‘a) as a major source for their teachings and practices. Hence, we begin with a review of how the mystics viewed Imam ‘Ali (‘a). After this we consider some controversies about the nature of ‘irfān and its relationship to Sufism, for the terms have been used in different ways. Then we turn to the sources on the basis of...

lamei gorgani was a famous poet who lived in 5th century ah during the reign of great seljuks. since he belongs to the period of cultural transition from the ghaznavids to the seljuks, he can be considered as an important notable poet, and because the volume of court and official poetry in early seljuk period (the period of tughril, alp arsalan and malik shah) was less than the periods before a...