We propose a relaxed correspondence assumption for cross-lingual projection of constituent syntax, which allows a supposed constituent of the target sentence to correspond to an unrestricted treelet in the source parse. Such a relaxed assumption fundamentally tolerates the syntactic non-isomorphism between languages, and enables us to learn the target-language-specific syntactic idiosyncrasy ra...

This paper analyzes the impact of German compound words on speech recognition. It is well known that, due to an idiosyncrasy of German orthography, compound words make up a major fraction of German vocabulary. And most OutOf-Vocabulary (OOV) compounds are composed of frequent words already in the lexicon. This paper introduces a new method for handling the components of compounds rather than th...

Declarative Modelling environments exhibit an idiosyncrasy that demands specialised machine learning methodologies. The particular characteristics of the datasets, their irregularity in terms of class representation, volume, availability as well as user induced inconsistency further impede the learning potential of any employed mechanism, thus leading to the need for adaptation and adoption of ...

Using primary data from Laos, we compare a broad range of different types of shocks in terms of their incidence, distribution between the poor and the better off, idiosyncrasy, costs, coping responses, and self-reported impacts on well-being. Health shocks are more common than most other shocks, more concentrated among the poor, more idiosyncratic, more costly, trigger more coping strategies, a...

We investigate whether articulatory movement trajectories follow the nonlinear invariant relationship between the tangential velocity and the curvature, i.e. the one-third power law. The power law holds for articulatory trajectories of phonetic rendering, although the exponent is in the range 0.35–0.42 when averaged across speakers and emotions but is relatively invariant under speaker/emotion ...

Society of Toxicology. Abstract no. 1503.[37] Zimmerman HJ. Hepatotoxicity: the adverse effects of drugs and other chemicals on the liver. Lippincott Williams & Wil-kins. 1999. [38] Luyendyk JP, Maddox JF, Cosma GN, Ganey PE, Cockerell GL, Roth RA. Ranitidine treatment during a modest inflammatory response precipitates idiosyncrasy-like liver injury in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003; 3...

The author of the article analyzes account Polish prose writer Zenon Leonard Fisz (1820–1870) on a journey by steamboat from Odessa to Pest and then rail Vienna. is sensitive image wild civilization Balkans, admiring nature Danube ship. On border Austria, his Austrophobia revealed. Austria Vienna, he identifies Viennese with Germany, whose grotesque description contained in Letters (Vilnius 185...

This study explored speaker idiosyncrasy by measuring the syllabic intensity variability in the speech signal. Sixteen speakers of the TEVOID corpus, each producing 256 read sentences, were analyzed. Characteristics of intensity variability (average or peak) between syllables were measured either holistically (standard deviation of intensity changes between syllables) or locally (pairwise varia...

Two-level phonology, as currently practiced, has two severe limitations. One is that phonological generalizations are generally expressed in terms of transition tables of finite-state automata, and these tables are cumbersome to develop and refine. The other is that lexical idiosyncrasy is encoded by introducing arbitrary diacritics into the spelling of a morpheme. This paper explains how phono...