The frequently used strategy of forming hypotheses, based on observations, to generate predictions can be formalized in several ways. We study an elaborated approach that has some conceptual flavour and translate the basic ideas in the language of Formal Concept Analysis, blazing the trail for applications to other conceptual structures as well. We investigate the relation to pseudo intents, di...

We introduce a neutral statistic S that makes the Conditional Frequentist error reports identical to Bayesian posterior probabilities of the hypotheses. In symmetrical cases we can show this strategy to be optimal from the Frequentist perspective. A Conditional Frequentist who uses such a strategy can exploit the consistency of the method with the Likelihood Principle—for example, the validity ...

Predictive developmental hypotheses play a crucial role in developmental theories. These hypotheses link early developmental behaviors or processes to later developmental outcomes. Empirical tests of predictive developmental hypotheses are generally based on standard regression models. It is argued that hierarchical linear models or longitudinal multilevel models offer a better alternative. A m...

Learning from prediction failures is one of the most important types of human learning from experience. In particular, prediction failures provide a constant source of learning. When people expect some event to take place in a certain way and it does not, they generate an explanation of why the unexpected event occurred [Sussman 1975) [Schank 19821. This explanation requires hypotheses based on...

Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative, progressive and irreversible condition, which affects cognitive functions. It was first described in 1907, by the German physician Alois Alzheimer. Although at the time, it was considered a rare disease, in 2010 in the world were estimated 35.6 million cases of dementia, most of these with the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Typical neuropathologic lesio...

Conventional multiple hypothesis tests use step-up, step-down, or closed testing methods to control the overall error rates. We will discuss marrying these methods with adaptive multistage sampling rules and stopping rules to perform efficient multiple hypothesis testing in sequential experimental designs. The result is a multistage step-down procedure that adaptively tests multiple hypotheses ...

OBJECTIVE: To establish an experimental model of extracorporeally perfused non-pregnant swine uteri for the study of uterine contractility, peristalsis and transport mechanisms through the female genital tract using an intrauterine double-chip microcatheter. In order to validate the model described biochemical parameters were assessed during the whole perfusion time. METHODS: An extracorporeal ...

BACKGROUND Hypotheses are now being automatically produced on an industrial scale by computers in biology, e.g. the annotation of a genome is essentially a large set of hypotheses generated by sequence similarity programs; and robot scientists enable the full automation of a scientific investigation, including generation and testing of research hypotheses. RESULTS This paper proposes a logica...

THE AIM OF THIS REVIEW is to provide an updated overview of experimental in vitro and in vivo investigations focusing on the anticancer activity of few herbs specially phytochemicals from daily kitchen ingredients. Potential use of these natural agents in cancer therapy and chemoprevention is also discussed. Studies using animal models and cultured human malignant cell lines have demonstrated a...