The relations between angiographic manifestations and operative findings of hemifacial spasm were studied in 70 cases between 1988 and 2001. Vertebral angiography was performed, and Towne, straight AP, and lateral projections were routinely examined. The dominant anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) directly compressed the facial nerve root exit zone in 26 cases, the dominant posterior in...

A series of analyses was conducted to assess and treat the pica of cigarette butts by a young man with mental retardation and autism. First, we demonstrated that pica was maintained in a condition with no social consequences when the available cigarettes contained nicotine but not when the cigarettes contained herbs without nicotine. Second, a choice assessment (Fisher et al., 1992) confirmed t...

Voluntary running in an activity wheel establishes aversion to paired taste in rats. A proposed mechanism underlying this taste aversion learning is gastrointestinal discomfort caused by running. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the pica behavior (kaolin clay intake) of rats, because it is known that rats engage in pica behavior after various nausea-inducing treatments including irradiati...

Multiple peripheral aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are extremely rare. We describe a patient with four distinct aneurysms in the peripheral segments of the left PICA successfully treated surgically with an excellent outcome. Pathological examination of the excised aneurysmal sac showed no evidence of infectious etiology.

OBJECTIVE Sometimes a vertebral artery (VA) enters the spinal canal via the C1-2 intervertebral space, a variation regarded as a C2 segmental-type VA. This paper describes the anatomy of the C2 segmental-type VA and reviews its clinical importance. METHODS Between March 2014 and November 2015, 3386 patients underwent computed tomographic angiography. I identified C2 segmental-type VAs, associ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Surgical treatment of VA-PICA dissecting aneurysms is difficult and complication of LCNP is common. These lesions can be approached easily with endovascular technique, but complete obliteration can only be achieved in a small number of cases. Our aim was to report the clinical outcomes of VA-PICA dissecting aneurysms treated by endovascular embolization. MATERIALS AND M...

BACKGROUND A distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) de novo aneurysm at the cortical segment after atherosclerotic basilar artery occlusion is extremely rare. Here, we report the case of a ruptured distal PICA de novo aneurysm 8 years after basilar artery occlusion. CASE DESCRIPTION A 75-year-old man experienced sudden disturbance of consciousness; computed tomography demonstrated...

The posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) has a unique anatomical complexity, which is of great clinical importance and involved in many pathologies, such as aneurysm, ischemic stroke, neurovascular compression syndrome (NVCS), arteriovenous malformation (AVM) brain tumour (1).
 PICA sinuous variable trajectory, divided into 5 segments. infarction usually manifests lateral bulbar mor...