N UTRITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS DIRECTED toward the general population are based mainly on estimated average nutrient requirements for a target group. These norms intend both to meet the needs of most individuals in a community and to prevent common diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular problems. Personalized nutrition guidelines are currently focused on people with metabolic dis...

INTRODUCTION Th e association of ingestion of food with the induction of gastrointestinal (GI) and, less commonly, non-GI symptoms is widely accepted by the community. In patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the frequency of perceptions of food intolerance is at least twofold more common than in the population in general ( 1 ). Furthermore, many take actions in accord with their percep...

Probiotics have preventive as well as curative effects on several types of diarrhea of different etiologies. Prevention and therapy (or alleviation) of diarrhea have been successfully investigated for numerous dietary probiotics to establish probiotic properties and to justify health claims (the medicinal use of probiotic food and the therapy of gastrointestinal diseases itself may not be adver...