UNLABELLED NEED AND PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hyperglycemia is prevalent among critically ill pediatric patients. Previously thought to be an adaptive response to stress, hyperglycemia is now recognized to be associated with an adverse outcome. Correction of such hyperglycemia with insulin infusion has been shown to improve outcome but carries risk of hypoglycemia. This review addresses these issues r...

Postprandial hyperglycemia is characterized by hyperglycemic spikes that induce endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress, which may lead to progression of atherosclerosis and occurrence of cardiovascular events. Emerging data indicate that postprandial hyperglycemia or even impaired glucose tolerance may predispose to progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular...

We have examined the effect of chronic (4 wk) hyperglycemia on insulin secretion in vivo in an awake, unstressed rat model. Three groups of animals were examined: control, partial (90%) pancreatectomy, and partial pancreatectomy plus phlorizin, in order to normalize plasma glucose levels. Insulin secretion in response to arginine (2 mM), hyperglycemia (+100 mg/dl), and arginine plus hyperglycem...

Effects of the tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine on plasma glucose levels in mice were studied. Clomipramine at doses ranging 5 - 20 mg/kg elicited significant hyperglycemia in mice. Hyperglycemia elicited by clomipramine was not reduced by pretreatment with the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) depleter p-chlorophenylalanine. The 5-HT(1/2/5/7)-receptor antagonist methysergide and the 5-HT(2A/2B/2...

OBJECTIVE In women with hyperglycemia due to heterozygous glucokinase (GCK) mutations, the fetal genotype determines its growth. If the fetus inherits the mutation, birth weight is normal when maternal hyperglycemia is not treated, whereas intensive treatment may adversely reduce fetal growth. However, fetal genotype is not usually known antenatally, making treatment decisions difficult. HIST...

conclusions therefore, our results suggest that although administration of 300 mg/kg of calendula officinalis extract showed salutary effects on anti-oxidant profile, yet its protective effects on anti-diabetic and regenerative properties on nephropathy were ambiguous and require more investigations. background chronic hyperglycemia leads to microvascular and macrovascular complications such as...

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections and can infect nearly every organ the human body. One common manifestation S. disease invasive bone infection, or osteomyelitis. Osteomyelitis one most difficult to treat infections, often necessitating prolonged antibiotic treatment surgical interventions. Hyperglycemia, elevated blood glu...

Hyperglycemia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients requires treatment; however, hypoglycemia also detrimental to must be avoided. Maintaining blood glucose between 140 - 180 mg/dL for improves outcomes. Very frequent monitoring adjustment of intravenous insulin infusion remains the standard care reach goals but labor intensive. Emerging technology cont...

BACKGROUND Endothelium-dependent vasodilation is impaired in patients with insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and restored by vitamin C administration, implicating a causative role for oxidant stress. Hyperglycemia per se attenuates endothelium-dependent vasodilation in healthy subjects. Accordingly, this study investigated whether impaired endothelium-dependent vasod...