HVDC (high voltage direct current) transmission is an effective way to transport electrical power over long distances by using direct current. The insulation system of HVDC components has to be designed for both AC and DC field distributions. It consists of mineral oil and pressboard. The used insulation material behavior has not been completely understood under DC stress. In this paper, electr...

Several offshore wind farms are planned in a number of locations in Northern Europe. The introduction of offshore wind power brings the wind power into a new era, characterized by larger size of the farms, 200 – 1000 MW are planned, and increasing distances from the grid. Cable transmission is the only solution for the transmission from the farm to the shore. Often land cables are also required...

The converter transformer plays a critical role in the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system, which connects but separates AC grids and converter. This paper briefly introduced essential design requirement of HVDC system at ±800kV level analyzed DC bias influence on transformer. effect simulations are MATLAB ANSYS Maxwell this paper, respectively.

It is now clear that the installation of offshore wind parks is the next step towards an even more widespread use of wind power. In what concerns the interconnection of remote offshore wind parks to the existing onshore grid, for distances over 50 km and/or installed capacities above 100 MW, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technology seems to be more adequate than High Voltage Alternating Cu...

Line Current Commutated (LCC) HVDC systems consists of uncertain plants. These uncertainties are result of changes/disturbances in the ac networks or in the LCC HVDC system itself. Further uncertainties can be introduced due to simplified system modelling techniques. Quantitative Feedback Theory is a frequency-domain technique that utilises the Nichols chart to achieve a robust design over a sp...

VFT (variable frequency transformer) has been recently used as an alternative to HVDC (high voltage direct current) to control power flow between asynchronous networks. VFT consumes less reactive power than a back-to-back HVDC system, provides faster initial transient recovery, and has better natural damping capability. VFT is simply a DFIM (doubly-fed induction machine) where the machine torqu...

Transient excitation boosting (TEB) has been installed on the Grand Coulee Third Power Plant hydrogenerators (three 600 MVA units and three 700 MVA units). TEB is initiated for outages of the 3100 MW Pacific HVDC Intertie, and results in a decaying pulse input to the gemrator voltage regulators. TEB temporarily raises Pacific Northwest transmission voltages which increases voltage-sensitive loa...

The integration of offshore wind farms has revitalized the interest in multi–terminal high voltage direct current (M–HVdc) transmission grids. HVdc breakers’ importance increased as M–HVdc grids are now a commercial truth. Several circuit breaker technologies have been developed, published, and appeared prototypes for networks. This paper summarizes from last two decades, distributed mainly lit...

There is a growing interest in applications of HVDC grids in many parts of the world. Comparing with individual HVDC links, HVDC grids can provide flexible energy transfers among multiple converter stations, improved system reliability, and reduced investment cost, etc. In particular, an offshore HVDC grid will allow the aggregation and delivery of power from offshore wind farms in different re...

Abstract: This paper presents a robust non-linear hybrid controller based on Type-2 fuzzy and sliding mode control strategy for VSC-HVDC transmission link, which inherits the benefits of these two methods. The interval Type-2 fuzzy (IT2FSMC) is used to handle the uncertainties to enhance the real time performance. The sliding mode control combines with the fuzzy system to compensate the influen...