background: current microscopic experimental methods cannot diagnose dna damages present in spermatozoa .therefore, some methods are needed to address the abnormality of the genetic material status on the sperm samples. as reported by many investigators aniline blue staining technique has been used for identifying sperm chromatin condensation. also, chromomycin a3 is used for evaluation of the ...

fertilization involves direct interaction of the sperm and oocyte, fusion of the cell membranes and :union: of male and female gamete genomes. the completion of this process and subsequent embryo development depend in part on the inherent integrity of the sperm dna. sperm genome quality has been emphasized for several years as playing a major role in early embryogenesis. there is clinical evide...

OBJECTIVE To study the potential protective action in vitro of oviductal epithelial cell membrane proteins against oxidative damage in human spermatozoa. DESIGN Prospective in vitro study. SETTING University research laboratory and infertility clinic. PATIENT(S) Semen from men attending the infertility clinic at the Queen Mary Hospital with normal semen parameters (World Health Organizati...

Induction of human sperm chemotaxis is an established phenomenon, though signaling systems physiologically involved have not been identified. Recently, it has been demonstrated that RANTES is present in the follicular fluid and that this molecule is a chemoactractant for human spermatozoa. However, the presence of beta-chemokine receptors on human spermatozoa has never been reported. By cytomet...

BACKGROUND Assessment of sperm morphology (including morphometry) is extensively used to determine one of the qualities of a semen sample and depends on the differential staining of spermatozoa. A staining technique should cause as little change to sperm dimensions and form as possible in order to reliably evaluate the morphometric features of the sperm. Various staining techniques have been em...

Inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) is generated by ATP hydrolysis in the cells and also present in extracellular matrix, cartilage and bodily fluids. Fueling an alternative pathway for energy production in cells, PPi is hydrolyzed by inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPA1) in a highly exergonic reaction that can under certain conditions substitute for ATP-derived energy. Recombinant PPA1 is used for energy...

BACKGROUND Externalization of phosphatidylserine (EPS) occurs in apoptotic-like spermatozoa and could be used to remove them from sperm preparations to enhance sperm quality for assisted medical procreation. We first characterized EPS in sperms from infertile patients in terms of frequency of EPS spermatozoa as well as localization of phosphatidylserine (PS) on spermatozoa. Subsequently, we det...

Previous studies showed that interleukin-6 (IL-6) was expressed in human Leydig and Sertoli cells and that it inhibited sperm motility. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of IL-6, IL-6R, and GP130 in ejaculated spermatozoa between normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic men. Human spermatozoa in the semen were purified by Percoll gradient technique to separate the seminal plasma ...

In humans and other mammals except rodents, the spermatozoa contribute the proximal centriole during fertilization. The inheritance of the distal centriole is not yet fully clear. In the present work, the distal centrioles of rhesus and human spermatozoa have been studied by transmission electron microscopy. The round and elongating rhesus spermatids possess both proximal and distal centrioles....

In addition to their role as man-made membranes, vesicles continue to be investigated as carriers for drug delivery. While most research focuses on their injectable properties, here a new delivery strategy is proposed. It is shown that spermatozoa can transport vesicles of variable composition. For human spermatozoa, the vesicles started to show binding after 20 mol% of the nonbinding vesicle b...