In this paper, we study generalized Douglas-Weyl Finsler metrics. We find some conditions under which the class of generalized Douglas-Weyl (&alpha, &beta)-metric with vanishing S-curvature reduce to the class of Berwald metrics.

urban landscape structural analysis; focused on the remnant patch mosaic network as the component with closest interdependency with air and water related processes was undertaken to find and propose environmental planning suggestions.assessments demonstrate that remnant patch mosaic network structure of tehran is still restorable. with appropriate corrective measures based on the natural lay ou...

development of remote sensing (rs) and gis techniques and that of landscape metrics in the late 1980s have caused to introduce a new dimension in the landscape ecology arena (the relationship between spatial patterns and ecological processes). however, scale dependence of some of landscape metrics and rs systems of different spatial resolution has resulted in particular attention into selection...

This paper analyzes the results of the French MT Evaluation Campaign, CESTA (2003-2006). The details of the campaign are first briefly described. The paper then focuses on the results of the two runs, which used human metrics, such as fluency or adequacy, as well as automated metrics, mainly based on n-gram comparison and word error rates. The results show that the quality of the systems can be...

We investigate evaluation metrics for endto-end dialogue systems where supervised labels, such as task completion, are not available. Recent works in end-to-end dialogue systems have adopted metrics from machine translation and text summarization to compare a model’s generated response to a single target response. We show that these metrics correlate very weakly or not at all with human judgeme...

We propose three new features for MT evaluation: source-sentence constrained n-gram precision, source-sentence reordering metrics, and discriminative unigram precision, as well as a method of learning linear feature weights to directly maximize correlation with human judgments. By aligning both the hypothesis and the reference with the sourcelanguage sentence, we achieve better correlation with...

The need for automated text evaluation is common to several AI disciplines. In this work, we explore the use of Machine Translation (MT) evaluation metrics for Textual Case Based Reasoning (TCBR). MT and TCBR typically propose textual solutions and both rely on human reference texts for evaluation purposes. Current TCBR evaluation metrics such as precision and recall employ a single human refer...

With the proliferation of 3D image data comes the need for advances in automated spatial reasoning. One specific challenge is the need for a practical mapping between spatial reasoning and human cognition, where human cognition is expressed through naturallanguage terminology. With respect to human understanding, researchers have found that errors about spatial relations typically tend to be me...