The in vitro fertilization process breaks down into three essential components: induction of ovulation, fertilization of the oocyte, and development of embryos that are transferred into the uterus. Problems may arise resulting in failure at any one of these junctions. In 1984, the World Congress on In Vitro Fertilization was held, looking at 9,641 laparoscopies yielding 1,101 clinical pregnanci...

There is a challenging debate on the effect of premature luteinization on the clinical outcome of ‘controlled ovarian hyperstimulation’ (COH) using long ‘gonadotropin–releasing hormone agonist’ (GnRHa) cycles. Premature luteinization is defined as late follicular progesterone/estradiol ratio more than 1 on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) administration. We carried out a retrospect...

Background: Stimulatory therapy with gonadotrpins is an effective treatment to induce spermatogenesis in men with idiopathic hypogonadotroptic hypogonadism (IHH). The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of human chorionic gonadotropin / human menopausal gonadotropin on hypogonadotropic infertile men. Materials and Methods: This study included fifty-six azoospermic infertile men wi...

Objectives: There are various ovarian stimulation protocols for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Particularly for Poly-cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) patients an optimized protocol of pituitary FSH and LH down regulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) medication without complications is still a challenge. Methods: We retrospectively compared the primary endpoint of an ultra-long an...

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of letrozole (LE) in combination with low-dose intramuscular injection of human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) on the ovulation induction and pregnancy of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS A total of 156 patients with PCOS infertility were randomly divided into an LE group, a clomiphene citrate (CC) group and an LE + HMG group (n= 52). LE ...

history and objectives: considering the incremental trend for using the stimulatory drugs for ovulation and the new techniques for the treatment of infertility, therefore there is a higher incidence for the syndrome of polycystic ovaries. in this research study mannitol serum was used as a preventive agent in patients with such a syndrome referred to sarem medical center from 1999 to 2000. mate...

OBJECTIVE To study reactivity of the ovarian vascular bed to noradrenaline and carbachol during an experimentally induced ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rabbits were treated with human menopausal gonadotropin (75 IU) daily for 6 days, followed by human chorionic gonadotropin (2,500 IU) to induce OHSS. The ovarian vascular bed was isolated and perfus...