Regular domestic work has been covered by the Federal old-age, survivors, disability, and health insurance (OASDHI) program since 1951. Domestic work covered by the program includes work performed by housekeepers, cooks, maids, waiters, butlers, valets, caretakers, babysitters, nursemaids, companions, governesses, gardeners, handymen, watchmen, and chauffeurs of family automobiles. In 1976, emp...

TO THE EDITOR—Outbreaks of extremedrug resistant (XDR)–Acinetobacter baumannii have occurred in several parts of the world and are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare resource utilization [1–3]. Termination of an outbreak can be challenging in a resource-limited setting, given the lack of infection prevention infrastructure and staff [4]. Little information is availabl...

INTRODUCTION People in tropical and semi-tropical areas are in danger of scorpion sting, and this can be a serious problem for them. Mortality due to scorpion sting in the tropical and semi-tropical areas of Iran is about 75%, and this makes scorpion sting in these areas a serious medical problem. Because of this problem, our aim was to assess the epidemiological aspects of scorpion sting in Ba...

OBJECTIVES Because of the rarity of small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA), little is known about the aetiology of this disease. This study aimed to identify occupational clustering of cases SBA as a systematic approach to new hypotheses on the aetiology of this disease. METHODS A European multicentre case-control study was conducted in 1995-7, inclusive. Incident cases aged 35-69 years with SBA (n...

Background: We conducted an assessment of knowledge about blood borne pathogens (BBP) and use of universal precautions at first level care facilities (FLCF) in two districts of Pakistan. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey and selected three different types of FLCFs ; public, general practitioners and unqualified practitioners through stratified random sampling technique. At each fac...

TO THE EDITOR—Outbreaks of extremedrug resistant (XDR)–Acinetobacter baumannii have occurred in several parts of the world and are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare resource utilization [1–3]. Termination of an outbreak can be challenging in a resource-limited setting, given the lack of infection prevention infrastructure and staff [4]. Little information is availabl...

Background Previous studies have demonstrated that male gender and higher level of education are independently associated with a lower hazard sick leave in patients axial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA), while female has disadvantageous effect on employment. However, few identified socio-economic profiles their association the severity disease disability. Objectives a) to identify clusters r-axSpA ac...

Introduction: The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one health problem in Iran. Occult hepatitis B (OBI) is diagnosed by the detection of HBV DNA in the serum or liver tissue of patients for whom other serology, especially HBsAg and HBcAg, are negative. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of OBI in patients who refer for chemotherapy. Methods: Al...

                                                                   Introduction: Iran is one of the major focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the world. Despite continued control efforts, the incidence of CL has increas...