We examined the effects of vertical-disparity gradients on apparent depth curvature of textured surfaces. In Experiment 1, vertical disparities induced expected curvatures when the surface had a horizontal disparity of < +/-40.34'. A central row of elements, lacking vertical disparities, ceased to have the same apparent curvature as the surface when the horizontal disparity between row and surf...

In order to promote the high-quality development of intelligent robot upgrade R&amp;D projects, progress social and economic intelligence, improve production efficiency, a dynamic weighted evaluation method based on network cohesion balanced groups is proposed. This grouping ensure relative homogeneity groups. It uses interactive construct adjacency matrix consistency pairwise evaluations withi...

Three experimental paradigms were used to investigate the perception of orientation relative to internal categorical standards of vertical and horizontal. In Experiment 1, magnitude estimation of orientation (in degrees) relative to vertical and horizontal replicated a previously reported spatial orientation bias also measured using verbal report: Orientations appear farther from horizontal tha...

Reservoir models with many grid blocks suffer from long run time; it is hence important to deliberate a method to remedy this drawback. Usual upscaling methods are proved to fail to reproduce fine grid model behaviors in coarse grid models in well proximity. This is attributed to rapid pressure changes in the near-well region. Standard permeability upscaling methods are limited to systems with ...

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has been widely used to estimate forest biomass. In this study, we aim to further explore this capability by correlating horizontal and vertical distribution of LiDAR data with components of biomass in a Picea crassifolia forest. Airborne small footprint full-waveform data were decomposed to acquire higher density point clouds. We calculated LiDAR metrics at ...

Unlike horizontal crawling, vertical crawling involves two counteracting forces: torque rotating the body around its center of mass and gravity resisting forward movement. The influence of these forces on kinematics has been examined in the soft-bodied larval stage of Manduca sexta. We found that crawling and climbing are accomplished using the same movements, with both segment timing and prole...

In this paper we present an algebraic approach to statecharts as they are used in the Statemate tool in the style of "Petri-Nets are Monoids" for place-transition nets developed by Meseguer and Montanari. We apply the framework of high-level-replacement systems, a categorical generalization of graph transformation systems, in order to deene union as horizontal as well as transformation and reen...

While research on the spatial representation of number has provided substantial evidence for a horizontally oriented mental number line, recent studies suggest vertical organization as well. Directly comparing the relative strength of horizontal and vertical organization, however, we found no evidence of spontaneous vertical orientation (upward or downward), and horizontal trumped vertical when...

The Orbit Response Matrix (ORM) method was applied to model the GSI heavy ion synchrotron SIS18. Using the horizontal and vertical closed orbit (CO) data we are able to calibrate 18 steerers (6 horizontal and 12 vertical), 24 BPMs (12 horizontal and 12 vertical) and 24 quadrupole gradients (12 horizontal and 12 vertical). We present the results of several measurements done in February-April 200...