Optimizing routes and paths improves network performance. Due to the encapsulation tunneling of packets, mobile IP-based communication contributes packet drops or significant delays between sender receiver. Packet loss during handoff reduces TCP throughput as well. One solution is use IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol UDP models increase routing In linkage homogeneous networks, i...

unsteady flow through non - homogeneous and anisotropic porous media can be modeled by a partial differential equation.' this-equation cannot be solved analytically. hence, numerical methods. such as the finite element and the finite difference methods might be employed. in this study a mathematical model has been developed using the fully implicit finite difference method with control vol...