Understanding historical roles of species in ecosystems can be crucial for assessing long term human impacts on environments, providing context for management or restoration objectives, and making conservation evaluations of species status. In most cases limited historical abundance data impedes quantitative investigations, but harvested species may have long-term data accessible from hunting r...

The big picture and the little picture The last quarter of 2005 and the beginning of 2006 have seen major changes in health legislation in the UK. Following the lead of many countries from around the world (New Zealand, Ireland, and Italy among others) the UK government, pushed along by individual members of Parliament, have decided to ban smoking in enclosed public spaces such as bars, pubs, a...

The data in the related digital archive was collected to examine archaeological and historical evidence for material culture English medieval rural households, with aim of gaining a fuller picture than what might be attainable by looking only at objects or documents isolation. provides starting point anyone wishing research aspects settlement.

In this work, we shall present some novel process to measure the similarity between picture fuzzy sets. Firstly, we adopt the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets and picture fuzzy sets. Secondly, we develop some similarity measures between picture fuzzy sets, such as, cosine similarity measure, weighted cosine similarity measure, set-theoretic similar...

A vast range of archaeological studies could be construed as studies of consumption, so it is perhaps surprising that relatively few archaeologists have defined their scholarly focus as consumption. This review examines how archaeology can produce a distinctive picture of consumption that remains largely unaddressed in the rich interdisciplinary consumer scholarship. Archaeological research pro...

We report four patients who showed hundreds of brilliant white loose bodies at arthroscopy of the knee after a short history of pain and crepitus. Histological, historical and clinical evidence is presented which indicates that the aetiology of this condition is the culture of chondrocytes in synovial fluid. It is suggested that reversal of the usually accepted order of events in synovial osteo...

This study investigates the potential impacts of food safety outbreaks on domestic shipments, imports, and prices of the produce industry. Three case studies were analyzed to assess these potential impacts: the cantaloupe outbreak of March–April 2008, the spinach outbreak of September 2006, and the tomato outbreak of June–July 2008. Data-determined historical decompositions were conducted to pr...

social hygienists, technocrats, and, to a more limited extent, physicians and medical scientists who wished to include syphilis as a part of legitimate practice. While it falls short of being a complete analysis of the social and medical aspects ofvenereal diseases, and skims rather lightly over the recent period, this is a model of how the study of a particular group can be used to illuminate ...