In this article, after a brief description of some signi®cant catastrophic structural failures going back to the period when iron and steel began to replace wood and masonry as the primary structural materials, the historical development of the ®eld of fracture mechanics is discussed. First, the basic concepts of the ®eld, the motivation underlying their development and the key contributions ma...

One of the puzzling problems for the student of southern African history is how to determine the nature and extent of the relationships among African peoples. The difficulty becomes more acute as one probes back in time to the earliest Iron Age, a period in which few research tools are effective. In this study, the early history and possible affinities among the Sotho, Shona, and Venda will be ...

The paper describes the application of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms in multicriteria optimization of operational production plans in a foundry, which produces iron castings and uses hand molding machines. A mathematical model that maximizes utilization of the bottleneck machines and minimizes backlogged production is presented. The model includes all the constraints resulting from the...

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT: The use of hyperthermia (heat) in the treatment of malignant tumors is as old as medicine itself. For example, the 5000-year old Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus mentions heat as potential treatment for breast cancer [1]. Hippocrates, the father of medicine, proposed that surface tumors should be cauterized by application of hot iron. In modern times, more advanced methods (...

it is well-known that deficiency or over exposure to various elements has noticeable effects on human health. the effect of an element is determined by several characteristics, including absorption, metabolism, and degree of interaction with physiological processes. iron is an essential element for almost all living organisms as it participates in a wide variety of metabolic processes, includin...

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This paper reports on the Joaquim Nabuco Project, a pioneering work in Latin America on document digitalization, enhancement, compression, indexing, retrieval and network transmission of historical document images.

We propose a method to extract special objects in images of medieval books, which generally represent, for example, figures and capital letters. Instead of working on the single pixel level, we consider superpixels as the basic classification units for improved time efficiency. More specifically, we classify superpixels into different categories/objects by using a bag-of-features (BoF) approach...

On behalf of the entire Organization Committee, it is our pleasure to welcome you to the Twelth IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom 2014), sponsored by IEEE Computer Society, the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA), Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME) and the Scientific Associations for Infocommunications Hungary (HTE). The Procee...