The aim of this paper is to assess the economic value recreation as an ecosystem service enjoyed by hikers in Hungary’s forests. assessment carried out framework a national undertaking map and state ecosystems their services Hungary under EU’s biodiversity strategy. As common policymaking context, constraints project did not allow for primary study. We therefore rely on previous studies combine...

Deaf and hard of hearing sign language users are increasingly using sign language interpreter videos when obtaining information from television programs, films and web sites. These videos serve as a tool for interpreting spoken and/or written words. While previous studies have mainly emphasized the benefits of using captions in videos with non-signing content, our study focuses on the use of ca...

OBJECTIVE To identify search and rescue (SAR) trends in US National Park Service (NPS) units. METHODS A retrospective review of the US National Park Service Annual Search and Rescue Reports from 1992 to 2007 and the SAR statistics for all NPS units in 2005. RESULTS From 1992 to 2007 there were 78,488 individuals involved in 65,439 SAR incidents. These incidents ended with 2659 fatalities, 2...

Hiking and climbing in high mountains are becoming very popular during the last decade. High mountain climbing is mainly in the domain of skilled alpinists. On the other hand hiking is often organized by trekking agencies which took unskilled clients to very high mountains. The aim of the presents study is to emphasis the importance of the process of acclimatization to high altitude. Two studen...

To estimate relative risk for exposure to ticks infected with Lyme disease-causing spirochetes in different land-use types along a trail in Germany, we compared tick density and spirochete prevalence on ruminant pasture with that on meadow and fallow land. Risk was significantly lower on pasture than on meadow and fallow land.

We study the dynamics of co-evolution of producers and customers described by bit-strings representing individual traits. Individual ”sizelike” properties are controlled by binary encounters which outcome depends upon a recognition process. Depending upon the parameter set-up, mutual selection of producers and customers results in different types of attractors, either an exclusive niches regime...

When asked to indicate which items from a set of candidates belong to a particular natural language category inter-individual differences occur: Individuals disagree which items should be considered category members. The premise of this paper is that these inter-individual differences in semantic categorization reflect both ambiguity and vagueness. Categorization differences are said to be due ...

BACKGROUND The "weekend warrior" engages in demanding recreational sporting activities on weekends despite minimal physical activity during the week. We sought to identify the incidence and injury patterns of major trauma from recreational sporting activities on weekends versus weekdays. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Alberta Trauma Registry comparing all adults w...