As one of the most important mineral nutrient elements, potassium (K(+)) participates in many plant physiological processes and determines the yield and quality of crop production. In this review, we summarize K(+) signaling processes and K(+) transport regulation in higher plants, especially in plant responses to K(+)-deficiency stress. Plants perceive external K(+) fluctuations and generate t...

One-carbon transfer reactions are mediated by H4F (tetrahydrofolate), a soluble coenzyme (vitamin B9) that is synthesized de novo by plants and microorganisms, and absorbed from the diet by animals. H4F synthesis in plants is quartered between the plastids, the cytosol and the mitochondria, a spatial distribution that is not observed in the other organisms and that suggests a complex intracellu...

THE fact that phosphates stimulate the respiratory sugar metabolism in higher plants suggests that the formation of phosphoric esters may occur as part of this process. Stoklasa et al. [1904-1913] obtained cell-free zymase-like preparations from peas, beet-roots, potatoes etc., which actively fermented sugars. Bodnar [1916] confirmed these results under strictly aseptic conditions, since some i...