OBJECTIVE To evaluate an active case-finding strategy among drug users (DUs), economically disadvantaged individuals and recent immigrants from hyperendemic countries, a population at high risk of developing tuberculosis (TB). METHODS Retrospective, observational study carried out by the Tuberculosis Unit of the City of Barcelona from September 2009 to December 2012. All participants underwen...

OBJECTIVE Several conditions are associated with increased preeclampsia (PE) risk. Whether altered maternal angiogenic factor levels contribute to risk in these conditions is unknown. Our objective was to compare angiogenic biomarker patterns in high-risk pregnancies and low-risk controls. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a planned secondary analysis of a 2-center observational study of angiogenic b...

The British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and the Association of Coloproctology for Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI) commissioned these guidelines. The aim is to provide guidance on the appropriateness, method, and frequency of screening people with diseases known to be associated with colorectal cancer. There is increasing awareness among relatives of patients with colorectal cancer that...

The recognition of high risk groups in the setting of occupational standards in the United States really appears to date from the establishment of OSHA of 1970 and the concomitant mandate for the development of criteria for Federal occupational exposure standards. Although the ACGIH recommended threshold limit values (TLV's) had been available as guidelines in increasing numbers since shortly a...

To estimate prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) in Harare, Zimbabwe, in 2012, we performed microbiologic testing on acid-fast bacilli smear-positive sputum samples from patients previously treated for TB. Twenty (24%) of 84 specimens were consistent with MDR TB. A national drug-resistance survey is needed to determine MDR TB prevalence in Zimbabwe.

In the language and intent of the various laws which EPA implements, Congress has mandated that we consider the issues of the biological basis of hypersusceptibility to pollution. For example, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 require EPA to set ambient air quality standards to protect the public health with a margin of safety, including protection of particularly susceptible groups within t...

Vaccine distribution programs have historically targeted individuals at high risk of complications due to influenza. Despite recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, vaccination coverage among high-risk populations has been generally low. This review systematically summarizes the recent literature evaluating programs in different settings, from within medical setti...

the original biophysical profile is time consuming and costly. this study was performed to compare diagnostic value of the original fetal biophysical profile to the modified biophysical profile. patients were selected from high risk pregnancies referred for fetal assessment and were randomly assigned to two groups. the measures of outcomes were perinatal mortality, cesarean section for abnormal...

human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is a public health challenge facing both developing and developed nations. although injecting drug use is even the main route of hiv transmission in iran, sexual route is rising gradually. vulnerable women have been considered as important bridging population for driving hiv epidemics. to increase the access to vulnerable women, in 2007, 5 pilot centers were e...

background & aim:  the most important risk factor for one’s sexual health is high-risk sexual behavior. implementation of educational programs has been considered as one of the most crucial interventions in the prevention and treatment of these behaviors. therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of an educational program on the knowledge and attitude of female sex workers toward prev...