We report on manufacturing of a compact beam homogenizer module including two lens arrays and an aperture. Lens are fabricated by all laser-based technology employing precise femtosecond pulsed laser ablation CO2 polishing step. Each array is processed revealing high contour accuracy roughness 25 nm. The 8x8 designed to have square footprint generate quadratic Top-Hat profile focal length 10 mm...

For planar laser diagnostics, a most uniform beam profile is highly desirable for two reasons: first, subsequent corrections for an inhomogeneous intensity distribution are time consuming and prevent on-line engineering assessment and second, temporal fluctuations cannot be corrected anyway. However, in general for combustion and flow diagnostics pulsed laser sources are used to achieve a high ...

background: the most reliable indicator of vitamin d status is circulating concentration of 25‑hydroxycalciferol (25(oh) d) routinely determined by enzyme‑immunoassays (eia) methods. this study was performed to compare commonly used competitive protein‑binding assays (cpba)‑based eia with the gold standard, high‑pressure liquid chromatography (hplc). methods: concentrations of 25(oh) d in sera ...

The use of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) as an additive in papermaking is an attractive alternative to improve paper’s strength. However, the costs of CNF production need to be competitive compared to other approaches aimed at reducing mechanical beating. Five different types of CNFs were prepared following different pretreatments: TEMPO-mediated oxidation at basic and neutral conditions, soft aci...

Commercial hydrolysed whey proteins (WPH) were used and residual whey protein aggregates were separated by acidification and centrifugation. Two fractions were then obtained: the supernatant (WPHSU) and the sediment (WPHSE) differing in their denatured protein amount. Turbimetric titrations of proteins and their mixtures with ι-carrageenan were carried out at different pH. Fine o/w emulsions we...