The results of experiments in developing a method for extracting three-dimensional information from a scene by means of a polarimetric passive imaging sensor are summarized. This sensor provides a full Stokes vector at each sensor pixel location from which degree and angle of linear polarization are computed. The angle of linear polarization provides the azimuth angle of the surface normal vect...

This article addresses the current state of the art of technology in three-dimensional echocardiography as it applies to transducer design, beam forming, display, and quantification. Because three-dimensional echocardiography encompasses many technical and clinical areas, this article reviews its strengths and limitations and concludes with an analysis of what to use when.

The surface alignment of lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals can not only be planar (tangential) but also homeotropic, with self-assembled aggregates perpendicular to the substrate, as demonstrated by mapping optical retardation and by three-dimensional imaging of the director field. With time, the homeotropic nematic undergoes a transition into a tangential state. The anchoring transition is d...

In recent years, there has been a significant shift toward the adoption of “Internet Things (IoT)” era, in which vast amounts data are collected and processed, Artificial intelligence (AI) is used to make critical choices. When acting real-time, it vital use devices with lot computing power. MPC (Massively Parallel Computer) Two-dimensional (2D) design systems most powerful computers available....

Since the introduction of medical ultrasound in the 1950s, modern diagnostic ultrasound has progressed to see many major diagnostic tools come into widespread clinical use, such as B-mode imaging, color-flow imaging, and spectral Doppler. New applications, such as panoramic imaging, three-dimensional imaging, and quantitative imaging, are now beginning to be offered on some commercial ultrasoun...

We report an ultrasensitive label-free DNA biosensor with fully on-chip integrated rolled-up nanomembrane electrodes. The hybridization of complementary DNA strands (avian influenza virus subtype H1N1) is selectively detected down to attomolar concentrations, an unprecedented level for miniaturized sensors without amplification. Impedimetric DNA detection with such a rolled-up biosensor shows 4...

Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) are groups of bioelectrochemical technologies and platforms that could facilitate versatile environmental and biological applications. The performance of BES is mainly determined by the key process of electron transfer at the bacteria and electrode interface, which is known as extracellular electron transfer (EET). Thus, developing novel electrodes to encourage ...

This paper presents a behavior-based approach to formation maneuvers for groups of mobile robots. Complex formation maneuvers are decomposed into a sequence of maneuvers between formation patterns. The paper presents three formation control strategies. The first strategy uses relative position information configured in a bidirectional ring topology to maintain the formation. The second strategy...

In this paper a direct method based on a transcription by Finite Elements in Time has been used to design optimal interplanetary trajectories, exploiting a combination of gravity assist maneuvers and low-thrust propulsion. A multiphase parametric approach has been used to introduce swing-bys among thrust and coast arcs. Gravity maneuvers are at first modeled with a link-conic approximation and ...