Mitochondria play a crucial role in energy metabolism through oxidative phosphorylation. Organisms living at high altitudes are potentially influenced by oxygen deficits and cold temperatures. The severe environmental conditions can impact on metabolism and direct selection of mitochondrial DNA. As a wide-ranging animal, the domestic horse (Equus caballus) has developed various morphological an...

OBJECTIVE To screen out psychiatric 'cases' and find the frequency of anxiety and depression symptoms in military volunteers performing duties at very high altitudes in the Karakoram ranges of Pakistan. METHODS This was a descriptive study lasting from Jan 2015 to June 2015, on volunteers serving at very high altitude, using General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and Hospital Anxiety and De...

Understanding the risks of using commercial off-theshelf (COTS) electronic components, specifically laptop computers, in a non-commercial environment is critical to designers of military systems. The environment studied in this paper is that of an unpressurized aircraft cockpit operating at 35,000 feet. During operation in this environment, COTS may be exposed to low atmospheric pressure and ma...

In a striking case of pathogen transfer involving the bacterium responsible for human acne, Propionibacterium acnes, Campisano et al. (2014) report on a new type of P. acnes that exploits grapevines, dubbing it P. acnes-type Zappae. They named the bacterium after the Italian term “zappa,” meaning hoe, as well as a tribute to eclectic composer Frank Zappa, who once wrote of “sand-blasted zits” i...